reproductive cycle

Question 1

what hormane involved in the menstrual cycle?

Answer 1

~ folicle stimulating hormone and luteinising hormone (pituitary gland)
~oestrogen and progestron (ovary)

Question 2

what is the function of folicle stimulating hormone ?

Answer 2

~stimulate develpoment of folicles in the ovary

~stimulate the secretion of oestrogen from the follicles

Question 3

what is the function of luteinising hormone ?

Answer 3

~triggers ovulation
~stimulated the ruptured follicle to develope yellow body
~stimulates the yellow body to secret oestrogen and progestron

Question 4

what is the function of oestrogen ?

Answer 4

~case thickening of the uterine lining
(first stage : peprare for the implantation of an embryo)
~increasing but still low level of it inhibits secretion
of FSH during the early phrase of the menstrual cycle
~a high level of it stimulate the secretion of FSH & LH

Question 5

what is the function of progesterone ?

Answer 5

~maintain thr thickness of uterine lining

~a high level of it inhibits thee secretion of FSH&LH

Question 6

which hormone has a higher levels in blood between LH & FSH ?

Answer 6

LH

must higher than FSH

Question 7

which hormone reach the peak level first ?

Answer 7

oestrogen

Question 8

Why oestrogen and progesterone are required ?

Answer 8

~to prevent other follicle from maturation in the ovary so that only one follicle matures at a time
~hence no ovulation take place

Question 9

What happened if an ovum is fertilised ?

Answer 9

~zygote formed will divide repeatedly by mitotic cell division to form an embryo.
~the embryo moves to the uterus and implant in the uterine lining
~membrane around of the embryo then secrete a hormone called human chorionic gonadotrophin
~when the placenta is fully developed, the yellow body degenerates.
~the placenta secrete oestrogen and progesterone

Question 10

What is the function of human chorionic gonadotrophin ?

Answer 10

~ human chorionic gonadotrophin secrete progesterone and oestrogen to remain the thickness of the uterine lining for the development of the embryo

Question 11

How are hormones used as contraceptives ?

Answer 11

Synthetic oestrogen and progesterone are present in contraceptive pills. High levels of these hormone inhibits the secretion of FSH&LH by pituitary gland. This prevent follicle development and ovulation so that no ova are released into oviducts for fertilisation .

Question 12

What are the cause of infertility ?

Answer 12

Female:
~ova failed to mature or be released from ovaries 
~oviducts are blocked 
~conditions in the uterus do not allow the implantation of an embryo 
Male:   
~sperm count is low 
~sperm motility is low 
~sperms have structural defects

Question 13

How to treat infertility of woman ?

Answer 13

~ova failed to mature or be released from ovaries：
Synthetic FSH (stimulates follicle development )
~ ova failed to released from ovaries：
Synthetic LH(stimulate ovulation)
~conditions in the uterus do not allow the implantation of an embryo:
Synthetic progesterone ( maintains the thickness of the uterine lining )