Reproductive Anatomy Flashcards
Anterior border of inguanal canal
External oblique aponeurosis
Laterally is the internal oblique muscle
Posterior border of the inguinal canal
Transversalis fascia
Roof of inguinal canal
Internal oblique
Transversus abdominus
Floor of inguinal canal
Inguinal ligament
Contents of the spermatic cord male groups
Fascia
Arteries
Nerves
Other structures
Contents of inguinal canal female
Round ligament of uterus
Illioinguinal nerve
Genital branch of genitofemural nerve
Layers of fascia on the testes
Internal external spermatic and cremasteric fascia
Tunica vaginlis role and function
Covers the testes
Contains a small amount of viscous fluid
Lubricates the surfaces to allow for friction free movement
Structure of the epididymis
Made from head body and tail
Head most proximal part, stores sperm for maturation
Body - heavily coiled, connects the head to the tail
Tail - origin of vas deferens transports sperm to the prostatic portion of the urethra for ejaculation
Innervation of the testes and epididymis
Testicular plexus
Venous drainage of the testes and epididymis
Pampniform plexus coalesces to make the testicular veins
Ivc on right
Left renal vein on left
What is varicocele and where would you palpate
Abnormal dilation of the pampiniform venous plexus
Palapte on the left side
What is the penis made up from
Two corpus cavernosa
One corpus spongiosum
What is the end of the penis called
Glans
Arterial supply to the penis
Penile arteries branch of the internal pudendal arteries
Innervation to the penis
S2-s4 nerves
Corpus cavernosa- cavernosal nerves
Where do parasympathetic nerve fibers of the penis arise from
Peri prostatic nerve plexus
How does an erection happen
Arterial blood flow to corpus cavernosa increases causing increase in size and rigidity
Corposa spongiosum prevents the urethra from being compressed which would prevent ejaculation
Innervation of scrotal skin
Iliolingual nerve
genitofemoral nerve
function of seminal vesicle
stores and produces the fluid component of ejaculate before ejaculation
function of vas deferens
a tube that carries sperm from the epididymis up the spermatic cord and through the inguinal canal into the urethra in preparation for ejaculation
how does the vas deferens terminate
joining the duct of the seminal vesicle to form the ejaculatory duct
vascular supply of vas deferens, seminal vesicle and prostate
internal iliac artery
how is the uterus split up and roles
fundus - top of uterus, entry point of uterine tubes
body- site of implantation
cervix- links to vagina
define anteverted and anteflexed in terms of the uterus
Anteverted: Rotated forward, towards the anterior surface of the body.
Anteflexed: Flexed, towards the anterior surface of the body
histological structure of the uterus
Endometrium- uterine mucous membrane, simple columnar
Myometrium - three smooth muscle layers
Perimetrium. - equals the peritoneum and is surrounded by a thin connective tissue layer
function of cervix
facilitates the passage of sperm into the uterine cavity
maintains sterility of the upper female reproductive tract
blood supply to cervix
uterine artery
function of uterine tubes/fallopian tube
transfer and transport ova to the ovary
arterial supply to the ovaries
ovarian arteries which rise from the abdominal aorta
vascular supply and innervation to the vulva
internal pudenal arteries
Iliolinguinal nerve , genital branch of genitofemoral nerve , pudendal nerve and posterior cutaneous nerve
what is an ectopic pregnancy
implantation in the wall of uterine tubes
location of urinary bladder
posterior to the pubic symphysis
anterior to the vagina and rectum
vascular supply of the bladder and innervation
vesical arteries which is a branch of the internal iliac artery
Somatic - pudendal nerve
Sympathetic - hypogastric nerve
Parasympathetic - pelvic splanchnic nerve
venous drainage of bladder
internal iliac vein
what is the trigone
a triangular area located within the fundus
what is the rectum
final part of the large intestine
sphincters of the anal canal and what they do
internal- smooth muscle and involuntary movement
external- skeletal muscle and voluntary movement
venous drainage , arterial supply and innervation of the superior anal canal
Vasculature - superior rectal artery branch of the IMA
drainage- sup rectal vein into imv
Innervation - visceral innervation via the inferior hypogastric plexus
blood supply , drainage and innervation to anal canal below the pectinate lines
Blood supply - inferior rectal artery , branch of pudendal
Drainage - inferior rectal vein into internal pudendal vein
Innervation - somatic via inferior rectal nerves
What is the inguinal ligament
A band of connective tissue that extends from the ASIS to the pubic tubercle
What is the inguinal canal
The inguinal canal is a short passage that extends inferiorly and medially through the inferior part of the abdominal wall.
Where does the inguinal canal start and finish
Start at deep inguinal ring
End at superficial inguinal ring
What arteries pass through spermatic cord
Testicular
Cremasteric
Artery to vas deferens
What nerves pass through the spermatic cord
Genital branch of genitofemoral
Sympathetic
Cremasteric
How are the ovaries attached to the posterior aspect of broad ligament
Mesovarium
Name for vaginal opening
Vaginal introitus
What is the pectinate line
Separates the inferior and superior anal canal
Difference between male and female urethra
Female is shorter
Males it transports semen
What is the broad ligament
Contains blood vessels to the ovaries , Fallopian tubes and uterus
