reproductive Flashcards
What is the primary male sex hormone?
testosterone
What is the primary male sex organ?
testis/testes
what is orch/o, orch/i, orchid/o?
testis/testes
What do the testes produce?
testosterone and spermatoza
What are “paired,” oval-shaped and enclosed in the scrotum?
testis/testes
What are about 900 coiled tubes within the testes where spermatogenesis occurs?
seminiferous tubules
What is spermatozoa?
sperm (in semen)
What is sperm/o? Spermat/o?
sperm
What is a microscopic male germ cell that produces a zygote (fertilized egg) when combined with an ovum?
sperm
What does a sperm plus an ovum create?
A fertilized egg called a zygote
(a gamete is unfertilized)
What does a zygote become?
An embryo
And/o
male
What is the principal male sex hormone that stimulates the dev of male reproductive organs and secondary sex characteristics such as facial hair?
testosterone
What is the epididymis?
(epididym/o)
coiled tube attached to each testis that provides storage, transit, and maturation of sperm
What is the vas deferens (vas/o)?
duct/tube that carries sperm from epididymis to urethra
What are the seminal vesicles? (vesicul/o)
2 accessory glands located posterior to the base of the bladder that open into vas deferens; secrete a thick fluid that forms part of semen
What is the prostate gland? (prostat/o)
walnut-shaped gland that encircles proximal section of the urethra. prostate gland secretes fluid that aids in movement of sperm & ejaculation.
What is the semen?
semen is composed of sperm, seminal fluids, other secretions
What is the scrotum?
sac containing testes and corresponding epididymis, from which each vas deferens begins; scrotum is suspended on both sides of and posterior to penis.
What is the male organ of urine and coitus?
penis
What is the glans penis? (balan/o)
enlarged tip on the end of penis (head of penis)
prostatolith
stones in the prostate gland
balanitis
inflammation in the glans penis (head of penis)
orchitis
inflammation of the testes
prostatovesiculitis
inflammation of the prostate gland and seminal vesicles
prostatocystitis
inflammation of the prostate and bladder
orchiepididymitis
inflammation of the testis and the epididymitis
prostatorrhea
abnormal discharge from prostate gland
prostatic hyperplasia (benign)
excessive development in prostate gland that causes narrowing of urethra, which interferes with urine passage; symptoms incl: freq. of urination, nocturia, urinary retention, incomplete emptying of ballder
andropathy
disease specific to males only
anorchism
state of absence of testes (one or both)
balanorrhea
discharge from the glans penis (head of penis)
priapism
persistent abnormal erection
hydrocele
fluid filled sac around the testicle, causes scrotal swelling
phimosis
phimosis: tightness of the prepuce (foreskin of penis) that prevents retraction over plans penis (head); may be congenital or result from balanitis; circumcision is usual treatment
testicular torsion
twisting of the spermatic cord causing decreased bloodflow;
often presents during puberty and is considered a surgical emergency due to lack of blood flow
varicocele
varicocele: enalrged veins of the spermatic cord; may cause scrotal swellign
At what age does prostate cancer usually occur?
middle-aged men and older
At what age does testicular cancer usually occur?
men 15-35 yr of age
mastitis
breast inflammation
permetritis
inflammation of the membrane on the outer surface of the uterus.
oophoritis
inflammation in the ovaries
salpingitis
salping = fallopian tubes
inflammation of fallopian tubes
adenomyosis
occurs when the tissue that normally lines the uterus (endometrial tissue) grows into the muscular wall of the uterus. The displaced tissue continues to act normally — thickening, breaking down and bleeding — during each menstrual cycle.
salpingocele
protrusion in the fallopian tubes/ herniation of a fallopian tube
cervix
The lower, narrow end of the uterus (womb) that connects the uterus to the vagina (birth canal)
fundus
the part of a hollow organ (such as the uterus or the gallbladder) that is farthest from the opening.
corpus
The main body of your uterus. This is where a fertilized egg implants during pregnancy
endometrium
inner lining of uterus
what is an ovum also called?
A gamete ( a sex cell)
fimbria (fimbriae)
an individual thread in a fimbria, especially a fingerlike projection at the end of the fallopian tube near the ovary.
amenorrhea
absence of menstruation
hematosalpinx
accumulation of blood in fallopian tubes
hydrosalpinx
accumulation of water in fallopian tubes / swelling
menometrorrhagia
heavy irregular menstrual bleeding, is a condition in which prolonged or excessive uterine bleeding occurs irregularly and more frequently than normal
menorrhagia
menstrual bleeding lasting more than 7 days
metrorrhagia
vaginal bleeding outside of period
myometritis
inflammation of the uterine muscle
oligomenorrhea
scanty bleeding/blood flow
perimetritis
inflammation of the membrane on the outer portion of the uterus
pyosalpinx
pus in the fallopian tubes/acute inflammation/swelling
fibrocystic breast changes
a common and benign change within the breast characterized by a dense irregular and bumpy consistency in the breast tissue
colpoplasty (repair)
repair of vagina/plasty surgery
colporrhaphy (suture)
a minimally invasive surgical procedure that repairs and strengthens the vaginal wall after a pelvic organ prolapse (POP)
hysterosalpingo-oophorectomy
surgical removal of uterus, oviducts, and ovaries.
CA-125
A CA-125 test measures a protein called CA-125 in a sample of your blood. The results may show if treatment for ovarian cancer is working.
pap test
The Pap test mainly checks for changes that may turn into cervical cancer. Cells scraped from the opening of the cervix are examined under a microscope. The cervix is the lower part of the uterus (womb) that opens at the top of the vagina. This test is sometimes called a Pap “smear” or “cervical cytology.
colposcope
instrument used to visually examine vagina
mammoplasty
breast surgery/repair
hysterosalpingogram
rad img of uterus and fallopian tubes
sonohysteropgrahy
a procedure to look at the inside of the uterus using sound waves
laparoscopy p.435
Laparoscopy is a surgical procedure used to examine the organs in the belly (abdomen). It can also examine a woman’s pelvic organs. Laparoscopy uses a thin lighted tube that has a video camera. The tube is called a laparoscope.
leukorrhea
white discharge
mastalgia
breast pain
mearche
first menstruation
anovulation
lack of ovulation
fistula
A fistula is an abnormal connection between two body parts, such as an organ or blood vessel and another structure.
Bx
biopsy
What is the medical term meaning, “partial excision of the vas deferens”?
vasectomy
The term that means “inflammation of the uterine muscle” is:
endocervictis
The “coiled duct, which provides for storage, transit and maturation of spermatozoa on top of the testes that carries the mature sperm” is the:
epididymis
What is the medical term meaning “abnormal condition of growth of endometrial tissue in various areas of the pelvic cavity”? _________________
endometriosis
Which of the following terms refers to the “male and female sex glands”?
gonads
Which of the following options indicates the correct pathway of a sperm to the outside of the body?
seminiferous tubules, epididymis, vas deferens, urethra
The term that means “inflammation of the prostate gland and seminal vesicles” is:
Selected Answer:
prostatovesiculitis
The general term that refers to a “process that renders an individual unable to produce offspring” is:
sterilization
After marrying a second time, the patient wanted to reverse the vasectomy he had several years before. The physician suggested the “creation of artificial openings between ducts”, or a _____.
vasovasostomy
“Mastalgia” is defined as:
pain the breast
The term that means “undescended testes” is:
cryptorchidism
The term that means “excision of the uterine tube and the ovary” is:
salpingo-oophorectomy
Which of the following terms means “absence of living sperm in semen”?
azoospermia
Fertilization of the ovum, usually occurs in which of the following structures?
fallopian tube
The term that means “incision into the prostate gland and bladder” is:
prostatocystotomy
“Spermatogenesis” occurs in which of the following structures?
Selected Answer:
seminiferous tubules
What is the medical term meaning,”creation of an artificial opening between the severed ends of the vas deferens”? ________
vasovasostomy
blood in the uterine tubes
hematosalpinx
rounded upper portion of the uterus
fundus
“Egg cells” are stored in the:
ovaries
matitis
inflammation of the breast
Which of the following terms refers to “an abnormal passageway between two organs”?
fistula
inflammation of the testis
proctitis
