reproductive

Question 1

HPG gonad axis

Answer 1

hypothalamus: GnHR –> ant pit: LH + FSH –> ovaries/ testes

Question 2

function of FSH in females

Answer 2

follicle growth –> secretion of oestrogen

Question 3

function LH females

Answer 3

causes corpus leteum –> secrete progesterone (post ovulation)

Question 4

how does GnRH regulate LH vs FSH in females

Answer 4

low pulsatile –> FSH –> oestrogen // high pulsatile –> LH –> progesterone

Question 5

function FSH males

Answer 5

sperm production

Question 6

function LH males

Answer 6

testosterone production

Question 7

hormine profile primary hypogonadism

Answer 7

hypergonadotropic hypogonadism// problem gonads // high FSH + LH, low testosterone/ oestrogen

Question 8

hormine profile secondary hypogonadism

Answer 8

hypogonadotropic hypogonadism // problem hypothalamus or pit // low FSH, LH, sex hormones

Question 9

inheritance androgen insensitivity syndrome

Answer 9

X linked

Question 10

genotype androgen insensitivity syndrome

Answer 10

46 XY (genotypically male)

Question 11

features androgen insensitivity syndrome

Answer 11

phenotypically female // primary amenorrhoea // little or no axillary or pubic hair // undescended testes –> groin swelling // small breast development

Question 12

invx + endocrine profile androgen insensitivity syndrome

Answer 12

katotype –> 46XY // raised LH (+ FSH), high or normal testosterone

Question 13

mx ndrogen insensitivity syndrome

Answer 13

bilateral orchidectomy // oestrogen therapy

Question 14

what type of hypogonadism is klinefelters syndrome

Answer 14

primary

Question 15

endocrine profile + invx klinefelters

Answer 15

high LH, low testosterone // karotype 47XXY

Question 16

symptoms Klinefelters

Answer 16

phenotypically male // tall // lack of secondary sex characateristics // small testes // infettile // gynaecomastia

Question 17

what type of hypogonadism is Kallmans

Answer 17

secondary - hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism // problem in hypothalamus

Question 18

inheritence Kallmans

Answer 18

X linked

Question 19

endocrine profile Kallmans

Answer 19

low LH and FSH // low sex hormones eg testosterone

Question 20

symptoms kallmans

Answer 20

delayed puberty + crypotchordism // anosmia // cleft palate or visual or hearing defects

Question 21

mx kallmans

Answer 21

testsosterone +/- gonadotrophins (for infertility)

Question 22

endocrine profile testosterone secreting tumour

Answer 22

low LH, high testosterone

Question 23

karyotype 5a reductase def + inheritence

Answer 23

46XY - autosomal recessive

Question 24

symptoms 5a reducatse def

Answer 24

re