diabetes - everything else Flashcards
(30 cards)
what is MODY
inherited genetic disorders –> reduced insulin production (mature onset diabetes of the young)
inheritance MODY
autosomal dominant
what type of diabetes do MODY patients get and when does it present
T2DM // <25
what is MODY 3 a defect of
HNF-1 alpha gene
what cancer does MODY 3 increase risk of
hepatocellular caricnoma
MODY 2 gene defect
glucokinase
MODY 5 defect
HNF1 beta –> liver and renal cysts
most common MODY
3
features MODY
<25 // FH // NO ketosis
mx MODY
SURS eg Gliclazide, Tolbutamide
what mutation causes neonatal diabetes
Kir6.2 or SUR1
how long transient neonatal diabetes last + how is it treated
<3 months // insulin
how is Permanent neonatal diabetes managed
lifelong insulin
RF gestational diabetes
BMI > 30 // previous big baby // previous GDM // FH diabetes
screening for GDM
oral glucose tolerance test
glucose diagnosis GDM
fasting >5.6 // 2 hour >7.8
in GDM if fasting <7 what mx should be trialed
diet + exercise
pharmacological mx GDM
1 = metformin // 2 = short acting insulin
if at time of diagnosis glucose >7 GDM what should be started
insulin
alternative treatment to insulin GDM (or who do not tolerate metformin)
glibenclamide
which drugs cause impaired glucose tolerance (6)
thiazides // steroids // tacolimus, ciclosporin // (interferon alpha // nicotinic acid // antipsychotics)
what meds can reduce hypoglycaemic awareness
BB
what should happen to metformin dose during ramadam
1/3 before sunrise // 2/3 after sunset
diabetic sick day rules
check glucose 4 hour;y // 3L water // sugary drinks
