Reproduction In Plants Botany Part Flashcards
Life span define
Period from birth to natural death
Which organisms are immortal
Unicellular organisms
Crow life span
15 yrs
Parrot life span
140 years
Tortoise life span
100-150 years
Croc life span
60 years
Peep all tree life span
2500 years
Mango tree life span
200 years
Banyan tree life span
200years
Life span is a characteristic of ____
Species
Stages of life
Juvenile
Maturity or reproductive
Senescence or aging
Death
Rice life span
3-4 months
Pea life span
3-4 months
Wheat life span
6 months
May fly life span
1 day
Fruit fly life span
1 month
Butterfly life span
1-2 weeks
Cow life span
20-25 years
Tortoise life span
100-150
Cat life span
15 years
Bamboo life span
50-120 years
Dog life span
20-30 years
Horse life span
60 years
Crocodile life span
60 years
Elephant life span
60-90 years
Banana tree life span
25 years
Rose life span
5-7 years
Reproduction is a biological process of _______
Self perpetuation
Just read this
Reproduction is not important for survival of organisms but important for survival of population
5 important events of reproduction
RNA and protein synthesis
DNA replication
Cell division (key event of reproduction)
Formation of reproductive bodies or units
Development of organisms from reproductive bodies
Organisms with simple organisation like ___&____ mostly show asexual reproduction but before onset of adverse conditions they shift to sexual mode of reproduction
Algae
Fungi
Most of the _____ show both sexual and asexual mode of reproduction
Higher plants
Most of higher animals show ____ mode of reproduction
Sexual
There is no ____ in asexual reproduction, only ____\___ takes place
Meiosis
Mitosis
Amitosis (no spindle formation)
Sporulation is aka
Sporogenesis
Sporogenesis can be ____ or ____
Endospore or endoscopic
Exospore or expscopic
___ are produced inside the sporangium
Endospores
2 example of endospore
Zoospore
Aplanospore
Eg of exospore
Conidia
Conidia are produced on ____ shapes conidiophores
Club shaped
Conidia are arranged on conidiophore in ____ succession
Basipetal succession
Youngest at bottom ;oldest on top
Eg of organism which shows unbranched exospore
Albugo
Branches of conidiophore are called
Rami
Branches of rami are called
Metulee
Branches of metulee are called
Sterigmata
Eg of 2 organisms which have branched exospore
Aspergillus
Penicellium
Budding is seen in (2)
Yeast
Hydra
Exogenous budding is seen in
Yeast
Endogenous budding is seen in
Gemmule formation in sponges
Irregular or simple fission is seen in
Amoeba
Transverse fission is seen in
Paramecium
Diatoms
Bacteria
Longitudinal fission is seen in
Euglena
Oblique fission is seen in
Dinoflagellates
True regeneration is seen in
Planaria
Just read this 🧠🥴🤗
Plants belonging to vegetative reproduction category are propagated by a part of the body other than seed
The structural unit that is employed in place of seed for propagation of new plants is called
Propagule
Natural vegetative propagation by leaves is seen in which organisms (9)
Bryophyllum Begonia Kalanche Streptocarpus Saint paulia Oxalis Dioscoria Agave Cycas
In ____ whole leaf lamina used to form new plant
Kalanche
In ___&____&____&_____ , bulbils (fleshy buds) are used for natural vegetative reproduction
Oxalis
Dioscoria
Agave
Cycas
Natural vegetative reproduction takes place by roots in (10)
Ipomea
Dahlia
Murraya
Tapioca
Tinospora
Asparagus
Albizia
Dalbergia
Populus
Guava
In ____&____&____, buds are present on root and are converted to leafy shoots known slips
Dalbergia
Populus
Guava
In dalbergia, populus, guava, buds are present on root and are converted to leafy shoots known as ___
Slips
4 types of underground stems
Rhizome
Corn
Bulb
Tuber
Types of sub areal stems
Runner
Stolon
Sucker
Offset
2 plants which have areal stem
Sugar cane
Opuntia (cactus)
7 examples of rhizomes
Adiantum Aspidium Ginger Turmeric Musa (banana) Lotus Typha
5 examples of corm
Crocus
Colocasia
Alocasia
Amorphophallus
Freesia
Bulb 3 examples
Onion
Garlic
Lily
Tuber examples (2)
Potato
Helianthus tuberosum
Runner 3 examples
Cynodon
Oxalis
Centella
Stolon 3 examples
Strawberry
Jasmine
Vallisneria
Sucker examples (4)
Banana
Crysanthemum
Mint
Pineapple
Offset examples
Pistia
Echornia (water hyacinth)
Echornia was bought to India cause of ____ &____
BEAUTIFUL flowers
SHAPE of LEAF
___&____ season favour artificial propogation
Rainy
Spring
3 methods of artificial vegetative propagation
Cutting
Layering
Grafting
Cuttings are?
Small portion of stem, root, leaves, used to develop new plant
Important factors used to control artificial vegetative propagation (5)
Age of plant
Length and diameter of cutting
Nature of plant
Season
Time of cutting
Cuttings are treated with ____ (type:____) to promote rooting
Auxin
IAA (indole acetic acid)
Stem cuttings is done in (7)
Rose Citrus Bougainvillea Croton China rose Sugar cane Tapioca
Leaf cutting is done in
Sansiviera (snake plant)
Root cutting is done in (4)
Lemon
Tamarind
Black berry
Rasberry
What happens in layering
Adventitious roots are induced to develop on soft stem while still attracted to the plant
From 1 year old plant, ___ branches are used for layering in ______ or ____ season
Basal branches
Early spring or rainy season
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In layering, a soft BASAL branch is DEFOLIATED (leaves are removed)in the middle and a small layer of TISSUE is REMOVED in the form of a ring. Insured portion is covered by SOIL to develop ADVENTITIOUS root
After rooting, this branch is SEpERaTED and PLAnTEd
3 types of layering
Tip layering
Trench layering
Air layering
Tip layering is done in
Blackberry
Rasberry
Trench layering is done in
Walnut and mulberry
In which type of layering, more than one new plants are developed
Trench layering
Air layering is aka
Gootee
Air layering is an ancient technique for propagation of plants without ____ like ___&____&_____
Soft branches
Tropical
Subtropical
Shrubs
In air layering, a portion of 3-5 cm long _____ is removed from ____ portion of a healthy and woody branch in _____ season
Ring of bark
Basal portion
Early rainy season
Components of grafting clay
2 parts clay 1 part cow dung Some pieces of hay Auxin Cotton Water
Why is auxin added in air layering
For root initiation
Air layering is seen in
Pomegranate and litchi
___ is the most common method of vegetative propagation
Grafting
In which technique, there is connection of two parts (__&___) of 2 different plants in such a way that they unite and develop into a composite plant
Technique: grafting
Root and shoot system
Grafting is done only in ____
Cambium containing eustelic plants (dicots)
In grafting, the scion (____) is fixed over stock (____) in a manner that the ___ of both come in contact
Scion : shoot
Stalk :root
Cambium
8 examples of plants which show grafting
Mango Apple Pear Plum Peach Pine Citrus Guava
(MAP^4 CG)
Bud grafting is used in___
Rose
Asexual reproduction is aka
Apomixis
Most vital event in sexual reproduction
Fertilization
Isogamete condition is seen in __&___
Algae
Fungi
Heterogmetes is seen in
Bryophyte
Pteridophyte
Gymnosperms
Angiosperms
In chara, male and female reproductive system is in same or different node
Same
In chara, male reproductive part is called
Globule
In chara, female reproductive part is called
Nucule
Class of chara
Chlorophyceae
In gymnosperm and angiosperms, gamete transfer takes place by ____ after ____
Pollen tube
Pollination
External fertilization is seen in
Algae
Amphibians
Fish
Auxin like ___,__,___ are used for stem cutting because they lead to ___
IAA
IBA
NAA
Quick formation of adventitious roots
Internal fertilization is seen in
Bryophyte
Pteridophyte
Gymnosperm
Angiosperm
In ___ plants, flowering happens once a year
Monocarpic
Eg of monocarpic plant
Wheat Rice Maize Mustard Sugar cane
In ___ plants, flowering happens multiple times in a year
Polycarpic plants
Eg of polycarpic plant
Mango
___ and ___ plants are monocarpic
Annual
Bineal
Some perrenial plants like ___&____ are monocarpic
Bamboo
Strobilanthus kunthiana
Strobilanthus kunthiana is aka
Neelakurongi
In bamboo, flowering takes place in 50-100 years
:)
In strobilanthus kunthiana, flowering takes place after ___ years
12
Last time there was flowering in strobilanthus kunthiana was Inthe year and where
2018 (sept oct)
KKT kernels Karnataka Tamil Nadu
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In polycarpic plants, flowering takes place after attaining maturity and many times in life span
Time between 2 successive flowering is known as (2)
Inter flowering phase
Recovery phase
No of chromosome in meiocyte =
2* no of chromosomes in gamete
No of chromosomes in maize
20
No of chromosomes in rice
24
No of chromosomes in apple
34
Onion no of chromosomes (vv imp)
16
Potato no of chromosomes
48
No of chromosomes in potato
48
No of chromosomes in ophioglossum
1260
Mustard chromosomes
20
Pisum chromosomes
14
Sugar cane chromosomes
80
Radish chromosomes
18
___ is hexaploid
Wheat
No of chromosomes in wheat
42
6x= 42
