Reproduction In Humans Flashcards
What is reproduction?
When the male and female gamete fuse
In the male reproductive system explain what the testes do
They produce sperm and testosterone. Epididymis are tiny coiled tubes inside the testes that temporarily store sperm.
Explain the function of the scrotum for males
The sac that holds the testes outside the body and is cooler to provide optimum temperature for spermatogenisis.
Function of the prostate gland in males
Produces an alkaline fluid that neutralizes sperm to semen. The fluid nourishes the sperms.
Function of the urethra in males
To let urine and semen pass through
Function of the penis in males
Consists of tissues with many air spaces for blood to rush through it and get erect so that it becomes firm when entering vagina.
Function of the ovaries in females
To produce the egg and estrogen
Function of the oviduct in females
Carries ovum to uterus w the help of cilia and contractions of the walls. Fallopian tube is the sight for fertilization.
Function of the uterus in females
This is where implantation and fetus development occurs
Function of the cervix in females
A ring of muscles that separates the vagina from the uterus
Function of the vagina in females
Receives sperm from erect penis
Explain sperm production (spermatogenisis)
The lining of sperm producing tubules in the testis consists of rapidly dividing calls. After a series of divisions, the cells grow flagella and become sperm. During copulation the coiled tube of the epididymis and sperm ducts contract and force sperm out through urethra
Explain ovulation
The pituitary gland releases FSH which will cause one fluid filled follicles contain a mature egg to develop. The maturing follicle will produce estrogen which will increase over and peaks in about day 12 and causes the uterus lining to thicken and enriches more blood vessels. At day14, the high amount of LH and FSH causes the egg to release from the follicle, the high level of LH will increase sex drive right at the most fertile time of the cycle. AFTER RELEASE the egg enters the fallopian tube towards the uterus. Once egg is released, follicle seals over and its called a yellow body. After egg release, levels of FSH & LH decrease. The yellow body produces progesterone, if fertilization has occurred, the yellow body continues to produces progesterone which will prevent the uterus lining shedding. If the egg is NOT fertilized it ruptures after 24 hours along with the yellow body which causes a reduction in progesterone levels and signals the lining to start shedding about 14 days. Period takes 28 days.
