Reproduction in Animals Flashcards
Reproduction can be in 2 ways
Sexual
Asexual
Types of Asexual Reproduction
Budding
Binary Fission
Parthenogenesis
Fragmentation
Definition of Budding:
The part of the animal’s body developing into a new individual
Binary Fission’s Definition:
One individual splits into two equal sized individuals
Fragmentation definition
Snapping one part of a body. The part snapped will grow into another individual
Parthenogenesis definition
Unfertilized egg cell develops into an individual without interference of sperm
Sexual reproduction requires
Gamete
Process of producing gamete
Gametogenesis
Types of gametogenesis
Spermatogenesis
Oogenesis
Spermatogenesis produces
Sperm
Oogenesis produces
Oocyte
Oogenesis produces
Oocyte
Advantage of sexual reproduction:
Done because it removes harmful genes for the next generation
Produce genetic variation in offspring
Germinal Epithelial cell is also known as
Primordial Germ Cell
Steps of Spermatogenesis
- Primordial germ cell divides into spermatogonia stem cell through Mitosis
- Spermatogonia stem cell performs mitosis to turn into spermatogonia
- Spermatogonia performs mitosis to form primary spermatocyte
- Primary spermatocyte performs Meiosis I to form secondary spermatocyte
- Secondary spermatocyte performs Meiosis II to produce 2 spermatids
- Spematid is processed into sperm(differentiation)
Process of Oogenesis
- Primordial germ cell performs Mitosis to form Oogonia
- Oogonia divides into primary oocyte
- Primary oocyte performs Meiosis I to form secondary oocyte
- Secondary Oocyte performs Meiosis II but paused, waiting for sperm
- If oocyte is fertilized, becomes baby, If not fertilized, girls has menopause
4 Differences of Spermatogenesis and Oogenesis
- Spermatogenesis begins at puberty and is continuous (Never Ends)
Oogenesis begins in the fetus but pauses in Certain stages - Spermatogenesis has no pauses
Oogenesis pauses in prophase I until puberty, Pauses when one egg cell enters Metaphase II - Spermatogenesis ends when we die
Oogenesis ends at ±50 years old - In spermatogenesis 1 precursor cell becomes 4 sperm cell
In Oogenesis 1 precursor cell becomes only 1 egg cell