Reproduction And Hormone Control

Question 1

What type of cells are gametes produced from?

Answer 1

Germline cells

Question 2

What type of cell division produces gametes?

Answer 2

Meiosis

Question 3

Where in the testes are sperm cells produced?

Answer 3

Seminiferous tubules

Question 4

What hormone do the interstitial cells of the testes produce?

Answer 4

Testoserone

Question 5

What is the role of the fluids secreted by the prostate gland and seminal vesicles?

Answer 5

Maintain the mobility and viability of the sperm

Question 6

Where are the ova produced?

Answer 6

Ovaries

Question 7

What is the function of the follicle surrounding an ovum?

Answer 7

Protects the developing ovum and secretes hormones

Question 8

Where are mature ova released to where they can be fertilised by sperm?

Answer 8

Oviduct

Question 9

What is formed when a sperm fertilises an ovum?

Answer 9

Zygote

Question 10

The pituitary gland is stimulated to release follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinising hormone (LH) or interstitial cell stimulating hormone (ICSH) by which hormone?

Answer 10

Releaser hormone

Question 11

Where is releaser hormone secreted from?

Answer 11

Hypothalamus

Question 12

What does FSH do in males?

Answer 12

Promotes sperm production in the seminiferous tubules

Question 13

What does ICSH do?

Answer 13

Promotes testosterone production in the interstitial cells

Question 14

What does testosterone do?

Answer 14

Stimulates sperm production and stimulates the seminal vesicle and the prostate gland to produce their secretions

Question 15

What happens when testosterone levels become too high?

Answer 15

Inhibits the pituitary from producing FSH and ICSH. This is negative feedback control

Question 16

How long does the menstrual cycle approximately take?

Answer 16

28 days

Question 17

What is regarded as day one of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 17

The first day of menstruation

Question 18

What does FSH do in females?

Answer 18

FSH stimulates the development of a follicle and the production of oestrogen by the follicle

Question 19

What does oestrogen do?

Answer 19

•Stimulates proliferation of the endometrium preparing it for implantation
•Also affects the consistency of cervical mucus making it more easily penetrated by sperm

Question 20

What do peak levels of oestrogen stimulate?

Answer 20

Surge in secretion of LH

Question 21

What does a surge in LH trigger?

Answer 21

Ovulation

Question 22

What effect does high levels of oestrogen have?

Answer 22

Inhibit FSH production, preventing further follicles from developing. This is negative feedback

Question 23

In the luteal phase, what does the follicle turn in to after ovulation?

Answer 23

Corpus luteum

Question 24

What does the corpus luteum secrete?

Answer 24

Progesterone

Question 25

What is the role of progesterone?

Answer 25

•Thickens the endometrium preparing it for implantation if fertilisation occurs •Inhibits FSH and LH production

Question 26

What does the lack of LH in the luteal phase lead to?

Answer 26

Degeneration of the corpus luteum

Question 27

What does the degeneration of the corpus luteum lead to?

Answer 27

Decrease in progesterone which triggers menstruation

Question 28

If fertilisaiton does occur, what happens to the corpus luteum and progesterone levels?

Answer 28

Does not degenerate and progesterone levels remain high