Reproduction And Growth

Question 1

Complete the sentences about the menstrual cycle:
Hormones control the release of an egg from a woman’s ——–. This process is called ———–. Hormones also control the thickness of the ——– ———–. Menstruation occurs and as part of this the ——— ——– is broken down and shed.

Answer 1

Hormones control the release of an egg from a woman’s OVARY. This process is called OVULATION. Hormones also control the thickness of the UTERUS LINING. Menstruation occurs and as part of this the UTERUS LINING is broken down and shed.

Question 2

What is mitosis?

Answer 2

-produces genetically identical daughter cells
-these cells are diploid (have one pair of each chromosome in each nucleus)
-human diploid cells have 23 pairs of chromosomes (46 in total)
-mitosis is used for growth, repair & asexual reproduction

Question 3

What is meiosis?

Answer 3

-produces haploid gametes (sperm, eggs & pollen) which aren’t genetically identical
-human haploid cells have 23 chromosomes in total (unpaired)
-meiosis is only used to produce gametes to sexual reproduction

Question 4

What is a consequence of meiosis?

Answer 4

-every gamete produces is genetically different (carries different alleles to every other gamete)

Question 5

It is random which sperm/pollen grain fertilises an egg. Therefore variation in offspring is produced by:…..

Answer 5

-genetic variation in gamete cells produces by meiosis
-random fertilisation of ova (egg cells) by male gametes