Energy For Life Flashcards
How does varying carbon dioxide concentration affect the rate of photosynthesis?
CARBON DIOXIDE IS A REACTANT
-insufficient/no co2- plant will not be able to photosynthesis to its full potential
-when the concentration of co2 increases, the rate of photosynthesis increases
How does varying light intensity affect the rate of photosynthesis?
-low light intensity- low photosynthesis rate, because the energy that the light provides is less, so the reaction is slowed down
-when light intensity increases, the rate of photosynthesis increases
How does varying temperature affect the rate of photosynthesis?
-low/colder temperatures- photosynthesis rate will decrease
-when temperature increases, the rate of photosynthesis increases
-but if the temperature is too high, ENZYMES DENATURE (active site changes shape- no longer complementary to its substrate) so the plant will not be able to photosynthesise
Why do plants need magnesium ions and what happens when its deficient?
-Magnesium is needed to make chlorophyll
-Deficiency causes yellowing between veins of leaves
Why do plants need nitrate ions and what happens when its deficient?
-Nitrates are a source of nitrogen needed to make amino acids to build proteins
-Deficiency causes stunted growth and yellowing of leaves
What food groups are key in a balanced diet?
-carbohydrates
-proteins
-lipids
-vitamins
-minerals
-water
-(dietary) fibre
What are the sources, functions and deficiency of carbohydrates?
-FUNCTIONS: Source of energy
-SOURCES: Bread, Cereals, Pasta, Rice, Potatoes
-DEFICIENCY: Lack of energy
What are the sources, functions and deficiency of proteins?
-FUNCTIONS: Growth and repair
-SOURCES: Meat, Fish, Eggs, Pulses, Nuts
-DEFICIENCY: Poor growth
What are the sources, functions and deficiency of lipids?
-FUNCTIONS: Insulation and energy storage
-SOURCES: Butter, Oil, Nuts
-DEFICIENCY: Skin problems
What are the sources, functions and deficiency of dietary fibre?
-FUNCTIONS: Provides bulk (roughage) for the intestine to push through it
-SOURCES: Vegetables, Whole grains
-DEFICIENCY: Constipation
What are the sources, functions and deficiency of Vitamin A?
-FUNCTIONS: Healthy eyesight
-SOURCES: Meat, Liver, Dairy, Leafy Green vegetables (e.g. spinach), eggs,Carrots
-DEFICIENCY: Night blindness
What are the sources, functions and deficiency of Vitamin C?
-FUNCTIONS: Heals wounds and rebuilds tissue
-SOURCES: Lemon, Citrus fruit, Strawberries
-DEFICIENCY: Scurvy
What are the sources, functions and deficiency of Vitamin D?
-FUNCTION: Strengthens teeth and bones
-SOURCES: Oily fish, Dairy products, Sunlight
-DEFICIENCY: Rickets
What are the sources, functions and deficiency of iron?
-FUNCTIONS: Needed to make haemoglobin
-SOURCES: Red meat, Liver, Spinach
-DEFICIENCY: Anaemia
What are the sources, functions and deficiency of calcium?
-FUNCTIONS: Strengthens teeth and bones
-SOURCES: Milk, cheese, eggs
-DEFICIENCY: Osteoporosis
What are the sources, functions and deficiency of water?
-FUNCTIONS: Allows chemical reactions to occur
-SOURCES: Cucumber, Strawberries
-DEFICIENCY: Dehydration
What is the process of photosynthesis importance in the conversion of light energy to chemical energy?
-process in which energy from the sunlight is used to create glucose
-light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll in plants
-used to convert CO2 (from air) & H2O (from ground) into glucose
-used for respiration (O2 is a by product of this process)
-uses light energy from sun to create chemical energy
-conserves energy from the sun
How is food moved through the gut by peristalsis?
MIOCABTPFDTO
MWTTPWLC
THASATPTBTG
-The muscles in the oesophagus contract above the bolus to push food down the oesophagus
-The muscles work together to produce wave-like contractions.
-These have a squeezing action that pushes the bolus through the gut.
How do energy requirements vary with age?
-Young people need more energy requirements
-As it is used for growth and muscle development
How do energy requirements vary with activity levels
-When a person is more active there is more energy required
-As there are more muscle contractions
-Which requires more respiration as it needs more energy
How do energy requirements vary with pregnancy?
-Energy requirements increase as energy is needed to support foetus
-And to support the larger mass the mother needs to carry
What is the role of maltase?
Maltase then breaks down maltose into glucose
What is the role of protease?
Proteases are a group of enzymes that break down proteins into amino acids
What is the role of lipases?
Lipases are enzymes that break down lipids (fats) to glycerol and fatty acids
