Energy For Life Flashcards
What is the word and balanced chemical equation for photosynthesis?
carbon dioxide+water—>glucose+oxygen
6CO2+6H2O—>C6H12O6+6O2
How does varying carbon dioxide concentration affect the rate of photosynthesis?
CARBON DIOXIDE IS A REACTANT
-insufficient/no co2- plant will not be able to photosynthesis to its full potential
-when the concentration of co2 increases, the rate of photosynthesis increases
How does varying light intensity affect the rate of photosynthesis?
-low light intensity- low photosynthesis rate, because the energy that the light provides is less, so the reaction is slowed down
-when light intensity increases, the rate of photosynthesis increases
How does varying temperature affect the rate of photosynthesis?
-low/colder temperatures- photosynthesis rate will decrease
-when temperature increases, the rate of photosynthesis increases
-but if the temperature is too high, ENZYMES DENATURE (active site changes shape- no longer complementary to its substrate) so the plant will not be able to photosynthesise
Why do plants need magnesium ions and what happens when its deficient?
-Magnesium is needed to make chlorophyll
-Deficiency causes yellowing between veins of leaves
Why do plants need nitrate ions and what happens when its deficient?
-Nitrates are a source of nitrogen needed to make amino acids to build proteins
-Deficiency causes stunted growth and yellowing of leaves
What is the word and balanced chemical symbol equation for aerobic respiration in living organisms?
Glucose + Oxygen —-> Carbon dioxide + Water
C6H12O6 + 6O2 —-> 6CO2 + 6H2O
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants?
Glucose —-> ethanol + carbon dioxide
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in animals?
Glucose —-> Lactic acid
Describe the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
-oxygen needed for aerobic & not anaerobic
-aerobic produces lots of ATP, whereas anaerobic produces a small amount
-products of both are different
Know that ATP provides energy for cells
-Respiration releases energy from glucose
-The energy is transferred via the molecule ATP
-ATP required for living processes to occur within cells & organisms (e.g. active transport)
How does the process of respiration produce ATP in living organisms?
-Respiration is carried out in all living organisms
-Energy is released from glucose, either in: the presence of oxygen (AEROBIC RESPN) or the absence of oxygen (ANAEROBIC RESPN)
-In aerobic, reactions result in production waste products (CO2 + H2O)
-Energy transferred in the form of ATP
What food groups are key in a balanced diet?
-carbohydrates
-proteins
-lipids
-vitamins
-minerals
-water
-(dietary) fibre
What are the sources, functions and deficiency of carbohydrates?
-FUNCTIONS: Source of energy
-SOURCES: Bread, Cereals, Pasta, Rice, Potatoes
-DEFICIENCY: Lack of energy
What are the sources, functions and deficiency of proteins?
-FUNCTIONS: Growth and repair
-SOURCES: Meat, Fish, Eggs, Pulses, Nuts
-DEFICIENCY: Poor growth
What are the sources, functions and deficiency of lipids?
-FUNCTIONS: Insulation and energy storage
-SOURCES: Butter, Oil, Nuts
-DEFICIENCY: Skin problems
What are the sources, functions and deficiency of dietary fibre?
-FUNCTIONS: Provides bulk (roughage) for the intestine to push through it
-SOURCES: Vegetables, Whole grains
-DEFICIENCY: Constipation
What are the sources, functions and deficiency of Vitamin A?
-FUNCTIONS: Healthy eyesight
-SOURCES: Meat, Liver, Dairy, Leafy Green vegetables (e.g. spinach), eggs,Carrots
-DEFICIENCY: Night blindness
What are the sources, functions and deficiency of Vitamin C?
-FUNCTIONS: Heals wounds and rebuilds tissue
-SOURCES: Lemon, Citrus fruit, Strawberries
-DEFICIENCY: Scurvy
What are the sources, functions and deficiency of Vitamin D?
-FUNCTION: Strengthens teeth and bones
-SOURCES: Oily fish, Dairy products, Sunlight
-DEFICIENCY: Rickets
What are the sources, functions and deficiency of iron?
-FUNCTIONS: Needed to make haemoglobin
-SOURCES: Red meat, Liver, Spinach
-DEFICIENCY: Anaemia