Reproduction And Genetics

Question 1

Functions of the Female Reproductive System

Answer 1

~ Ovaries store and release eggs
~ The Fallopian tubes carry the egg to the uterus, fertilisation occurs here.
~ The uterus (womb) is where the fertilised egg becomes implanted and finds nourishment
~ The vagina holds the male penis during sexual intercourse

Question 2

The Menstrual Cycle: Ovulation

Answer 2

~ During the 28 day menstrual cycle a girls body gets ready incase pregnancy occurs
~ The egg is released on day 13-15 of the menstrual cycle and passes along the fallopian tube to the uterus.

Question 3

Menstruation/Period:

Answer 3

The thickened uterus lining is not needed and breaks away. The lining and a small amount of blood pass out through the vagina (1-5)

Question 4

Fertile Period

Answer 4

~ These are the days of the menstrual cycle when the woman is most likely to become pregnant.
~ Intercourse 2-3 days before, during or after ovulation could lead to fertilisation because sperm cells can survive for this long.

Question 5

Menopause

Answer 5

Signals the end of a females ability to reproduce and also the end of her menstrual cycle. It happens at different ages for different people, typically in the late 40s to early 50s.

Question 6

Functions of the Male Reproduction System

Answer 6

~ The testes produce sperm
~ The scrotum is where the testes are, it is located outside the body to ensure the temperature is lower than body temperature for healthy sperm.
~ The epididymis is a coiled tube on the outside

Question 7

Amniotic Fluid

Answer 7

~ As the embryo develops in the uterus it is protected inside a bag of fluid called amniotic fluid.
~ This fluid provides a cushion for the embryo.

Question 8

Umbilical Cord

Answer 8

A tube called the umbilical cord joins the embryo to the placenta

Question 9

Placenta

Answer 9

~ The placenta is rich in blood vessels.
~ Food and oxygen in
~ Waste such as carbon dioxide out

Question 10

Labour

Answer 10

Uterus muscles start to contract

Question 11

Waters break

Answer 11

The bag on amniotic fluid bursts and further contractions push baby out usually head first, through the vagina

Question 12

Afterbirth

Answer 12

Umbilical cord is cut and the placenta comes out after

Question 13

Birth

Answer 13

~ Labour
~ Water breaks
~ Afterbirth

Question 14

Lactation

Answer 14

~ The production of breast milk is called lactation

Question 15

Colostrum

Answer 15

~ First three days of milk is called colostrum
~ Very nutritious, and helps protect the baby from infection

Question 16

Family Planning ( Natural Methods Pf Contraception)

Answer 16

~ To control number of children you have to you need to control the number of times fertilisation takes place
~ Natural methods of contraception aim to detect the day of ovulation takes place and avoid intercourse during the fertile period.

Question 17

Artificial Methods Of Contraception

Answer 17

~ Prevent the sperm and egg meeting
~ An example of this is a condom which prevents sperm entering the vagina
~ Another example is the contraceptive pill which prevents ovulation
~ No method is 100% reliable

Question 18

Asexual Reproduction

Answer 18

~ Involves only one parent
~ Cells from this parent divide and a new plant grows from these cells
~ This plant is identical to the parent
e.g. strawberries, potatoes, spider plant, buttercups