Matter And Mixtures

Question 1

MATTER

Answer 1

~ Anything that occupies space and has mass.

Question 2

MASS

Answer 2

~ Mass is the amount of matter in an object.

Question 3

3 STATES OF MATTER

Answer 3

~ Solids
~ Liquids
~ Gases

Question 4

PROPERTIES OF SOLIDS

Answer 4

~ Definite shape
~ Definite volume
~ Cannot be compressed
~ Cannot flow

Question 5

PROPERTIES OF LIQUIDS

Answer 5

~ No definite shape
~ Definite volume
~ Cannot be compressed
~ Can flow

Question 6

PROPERTIES OF GAS

Answer 6

~ No definite shape
~ No definite volume
~ Can be compressed
~ Can flow

Question 7

HEAT ENERGY

Answer 7

~ In order for a substance to change state (from solid to a liquid, or liquid to a gas) it needs heat energy.

Question 8

LATENT HEAT

Answer 8

As a substance changes state, it uses latent heat. There is no change to temperature, but the state of the material changes.

Question 9

MELTING POINT

Answer 9

~ The melting point is when both the solid and liquid state exist together (changing from a solid to a liquid).

Question 10

BOILING POINT

Answer 10

~ The boiling point of a liquid is when evaporation begins to happen throughout the liquid (changing from a liquid to a gas).

Question 11

CONDENSATION

Answer 11

~ Condensation is the changing of a gas to a liquid.

Question 12

DIFFUSION

Answer 12

~ Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration E.g. spray perfume in one corner of the room, and it spreads to the rest of the room.

Question 13

PLASMA

Answer 13

~ Plasma is the fourth state of matter, like gas, but can conduct electricity.

Question 14

MIXTURE

Answer 14

~ A mixture consists of two or more substances mingled together but not chemically combined E.g. sand and water.

Question 15

THERE ARE FOUR METHODS OF SEPARATING MIXTURES

Answer 15

1. Filtration
2. Evaporation
3. Distillation
4. Chromatography

Question 16

FILTRATION

Answer 16

~ Used to separate small insoluble solids (do not dissolve in a liquid) from a liquid by using filter paper and a funnel to trap the solids.

Question 17

PHYSICAL CHANGE

Answer 17

~ no change in particles, just
the particle arrangement and energy, easy to
reverse e.g. mixing water and salt.

Question 18

CHEMICAL CHANGE

Answer 18

~ A chemical reaction takes
place and a new substance is formed, very
difficult to reverse e.g. burning a match.

Question 19

DURING A CHEMICAL REACTION

Answer 19

~ the atoms rearrange to form a new substance. Might be
seen by colour change, temperature
change, light being emitted or bubbles.

Question 20

LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS

Answer 20

~ Matter can be changed from one form to
another. During physical and chemical
changes, there is no overall change in mass

Question 21

DISTILLATION

Answer 21

~ Used to separate two liquids
with different boiling points
such as alcohol (boils at 78o) and
water (boils at 100 o). Also used
to separate a soluble solid from a
liquid (e.g. seawater) to give a
pure sample of each.

Question 22

EVAPORATION

Answer 22

~ Used to separate soluble solids
(dissolve in liquids) from a
solution by evaporating off the
liquid to leave the solids. E.g. salt
water.

Question 23

CHROMATOGRAPHY

Answer 23

~ Used to separate a mixture of
dissolved substances in a
solution. E.g. the different
colours in a black marker.