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Science - Year Seven > Reproduction > Flashcards

Reproduction Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the lining of the uterus? {female}

A

This thickens every month in order to receive a fertilised egg

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2
Q

What is the Uterus? {womb} {female}

A

This is where a foetus will develop

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3
Q

What is the Oviduct {Fallopian tube} {female}

A

Eggs travel along this tube on the way to the Uterus

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4
Q

What is a testicle? {male}

A

Sperm is made here

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5
Q

When does the height spurt in most girls end?

A

Fourteen years

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6
Q

What is the cervix? {female}

A

This is the narrow opening between the vagina and uterus

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8
Q

What is the Sperm Duct? {male}

A

Sperm travels along this on the way to the urethra

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9
Q

What is the vagina? {female}

A

Sperm enters the body here

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10
Q

Who starts puberty first, girls or boys?

A

Girls start puberty first.

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12
Q

What is the Ovum? {female}

A

The Ovum is the egg cell, and a food store

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13
Q

What is the Penis? {male}

A

Fills with blood and becomes erect before sexual intercourse - to help pass sperm into the vagina

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15
Q

What are hormones?

A

Hormones are chemicals that make puberty start.

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16
Q

What is the average amount of time for a woman’s menstrual cycle to take place?

A

28 days

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17
Q

What is the scrotum? {male}

A

It holds the testicles outside the body to keep the sperm cool

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18
Q

What is the hormone in men called and where is it made?

A

In men the hormone is called Testosterone and is made in the testicles

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19
Q

Where does fertilisation happen

A

Fertilisation happens in the Fallopian tube / oviducts

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20
Q

Which sperm can get into the woman’s egg cell?

A

The first speed that reaches the egg cell is the only one that can get in.

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21
Q

What is the hormone in females called and where is it made?

A

The hormone in females is called oestrogen and is made in the ovaries

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22
Q

What is the time range for a woman to have her period and does this apply to every woman?

A

The rough cycle is 3-7 days, however not all woman have this exact cycle, this is just the average.

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25
Q

How long does it take the entire menstrual cycle to happen?

A

It takes between 20 -40 days do the entire cycle

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26
Q

When does the height spurt in most boys end?

A

The height spurt in most boys end at sixteen years

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27
Q

For boys, what age does the growth of the penis start at?

A

The penis starts growing at twelve and a half years

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28
Q

What is external gestation?

A

External gestation is the process of the baby developing outside of the mother’s body, for example in eggs.

30
Q

What is the Menstrual Cycle?

A

The ‘period’, it happens in girls

31
Q

What happens in days 1-4 of the menstrual cycle?

A

If no embryo is emplaned, the cycle starts again.

The lining of the uterus begins to break down {the bleeding/menstruation/period}

32
Q

How often does the fertilised egg cell divide to double the number of cells?

A

It takes about a day to divide.

33
Q

What happens between days 4 - 14 of the menstrual cycle?

A

The lining of the uterus thickens and lines up again

34
Q

What part of the girl takes the longest to develop?

A

The breasts take the longest to develop

35
Q

What happens between days 14-28 of the menstrual cycle?

A

The Uterus lining stays thick, waiting for an embryo. If no embryo is implanted the cycle starts again.

36
Q

What travels across the placenta from the mother to the foetus?

A

Oxygen and nutrients diffuse (travel) across the placenta from the mother to the foetus

37
Q

What happens on day 14 of the menstrual cycle?

A

The ovary a release an egg

38
Q

Where does the umbilical cord grow and how is it joined to the foetus?

A

The umbilical cord grows in the wall of the uterus and is joined to the foetus by the placenta

39
Q

What is fertilisation?

A

Fertilisation is when the nucleus of a sperm cell and the nucleus of an egg cell fuse {join} together, forming a fertilised egg

40
Q

What does the placenta do?

A

The mothers blood does not mix with the foetus’ blood, but he placenta lets substances pass between the two blood supplies.

41
Q

What is gestation?

A

Gestation is the process of the young developing {the nine month process of gestation in humans, for example} where the baby grows and develops.

44
Q

What is external fertilisation and give an example of one species that undergoes it

A

External fertilisation happens outside the mother’s body, and a species that undergoes it is frogs

45
Q

What is the ovary? {female}

A

Eggs {ova} are made, stored and released from here

46
Q

How does an embryo become a foetus?

A

The embryo keeps dividing and these cells become specialised. At eight weeks, the embryo becomes a foetus.

49
Q

What travels across the placenta from the foetus to he mother?

A

Waste substances such as carbon dioxide diffuse (travel) across the placenta from the foetus to the mother

50
Q

What is the foetus surrounded by and what is this liquid contained in?

A

The foetus is surrounded by amniotic fluid, which is kept in an amniotic sac. It leaves room for the baby to move.

51
Q

What is internal gestation?

A

Internal gestation is the process of the baby developing inside the mother’s body, for example in humans in their stomach.

52
Q

Name three risky things a mother shouldn’t do when pregnant

A 
All of the below are acceptable:
Swimming
Gym
Smoking
Drinking
Sky-diving
Going on a zip wire
Sleeping on their stomach
Running the marathon
Eating a lot of food
Not eating enough food
53
Q

What does the umbilical cord remove from the foetus?

A

The umbilical cord removes waste substances from the foetus.

55
Q

In external and internal gestation, which offspring is Mathew when hatched/born and which offspring is immature?

A

External Gestation = Mature

Internal Gestation = Immature

57
Q

What is internal fertilisation and give one example of a species that undergo it

A

Internal fertilisation happens inside the mother’s body and a species that undergoes it is humans

59
Q

What is responsible for providing oxygen and nutrients to the foetus?

A

The umbilical cord

61
Q

How does a fertilised egg become an embryo?

A

The fertilised egg is one cell, it divides into 2, then 4, etc. When the ball of cells implants after 8 days, we call it an embryo.

62
Q

Name three positive things a mother can do when pregnant

A 
All of the below are acceptable:
Eat lots of vegetables
Eat lots of fruits
Talk to your baby
Get plenty of rest
Try not to be under any severe stress
63
Q

What is the Urethra? {male}

A

Sperm leave the body through this tube

65
Q

What are glands? {male}

A

These make and add fluid to the sperm which gives them energy to swim.

{Sperm + Fluid = Semen}

66
Q

What takes the longest to develop in boys?

A

The pubic hair takes longest to develop in boys

67
Q

What is a foetus?

A

A foetus is a very early baby.

69
Q

What happens if the lining of the uterus isn’t fertilised?

A

If it isn’t fertilised, the lining of the uterus breaks down and leaves the body as bleeding from the vagina. This s called menstruation or a period.

71
Q

What is reproduction? {female}

A

Reproduction is two people or animals, one male and one female, taking part in sexual intercourse and creating a new life form

73
Q

What happens to a fertilised egg?

A

The fertilised egg becomes an embryo which travels to the uterus and attaches to the lining of the uterus {implantation}

80
Q

Why does the Menstrual Cycle happen?

A

The menstrual cycle happens to prepare the uterus link for a fertilised egg

Science - Year Seven (13 decks)

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