Reproduction Flashcards
Order of Sperm production
Teste–>epididymis–>vas deferens–>urethra–> penis
What gender reaches sexual maturity first?
Girl (11-13 years) (boys are 14-16)
Zygote
A diploid, formed when two haploids (egg and sperm) come together, formed when sperm fertilizes egg
Ovaries
produce estrogen+progesterone, filled with follicles, make egg
Follicle
Stimulated by FSH to release egg, one bursts per cycle, holds and matures egg until it is ready
Fallopian tube/oviduct
Site of fertilization, transports egg after ovulation from ovary to uterus
Uterus
muscular organ, lining is thickened each month during follicle stage,If egg is fertilized, it stays in uterine lining, site of development
Cervix
Birth canal, closes during pregnancy to keep baby inside
Vagina
A muscular tube that connects from Cervix to outside environment
Menstruation
Days 1-7, uterine lining, blood, egg, and mucus are shed out through vagina, LH decreases, Corpus Luteus breaks down and stops progesterone
Follicle stage
Days 8-15, Estrogen and FSH are produced, uterine lining thickens and follicle matures egg
Ovulation
Midway point, 1 day only, Follicle bursts and releases mature egg due to high amounts of estrogen, sudden spike in LH and FSH which immediately decrease after
Luteal phase
Days 16-27, Progesterone is produced which causes uterine lining to thicken more, LH causes hole from ovulation to be filled with cells -now called corpus Luteum
Identical twins
made from 1 sperm + 1 egg, genetically identical, same placenta and amniotic sac
Fraternal
made from 2 sperm + 2 egg, genetically different, 2 different placentas and amniotic sacs
Amniotic sac
membrane that surrounds embryo and maintains a sterile environment
Amniotic fluid
cushions+protects baby
Placenta
Nutrients diffuse across the membrane from Mother to baby and wastes go from baby to mother, Placenta is attached to uterine wall and must remain during pregnancy,
Umbilical cord
Connects baby to placenta, transports oxygen
Spermogenesis
Meiosis which produces four healthy sperms, each with 23 chromosomes
oogenesis
Meiosis which produces 1 healthy egg and 3 polar bodies which get absorbed
Order which ovum in produced
Ovary–> fallopian tube–>uterus–>cervix–> vagina
Which part of the sperm allows it to move?
Flagella
What part of the sperm contains 23 chromosomes?
Nucleus
What part of the sperm contains digestive enzymes that allow it to burrow into the egg?
head/acrosome
Heat begins to beat, baby is considered a fetus
Trimester 1
3 layers of stem cells in a Gastrula
Ectoderm- skin
Endoderm-guts and organs
Mesoderm- Blood + cardiac system
How is a zygote formed
Meiosis
How does a zygote go to a morula?
Clevage- a type of mitosis where the cells multiply but the egg stays the same size
Differentiation
Occurs after gastrulation, all cells have the same DNA, but different genes are activated in diff cells, giving them different functions
Placenta
Formed from Mother and baby tissues, outside of amniotic sac, connected with umbilical cord
What regulates the reproductive system?
Hormones
Scrotum
Outside of body, holds testes and cooler temps allow for maximum sperm production
Vas Deferns and Oviduct both…
Transports gametes
VD brings sperm from testes to penis
Oviduct brings egg from ovary to vagina
Where does fertilization take place
Fallopian tube
Where does development and implantation take place?
Uterus
