Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

2step > Repro/Obgyn > Flashcards

Repro/Obgyn Flashcards

1
Q

Chandelier sign

A

pain on manipulation of the cervix and uterus during a pelvic examination in a patient with pelvic inflammatory disease.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

PID complication

A

Salpingitis, endometritis, hydrosalpinx, tubo-ovarian abscess, Fitz-Hugh–Curtis syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Fitz-Hugh–Curtis syndrome

A

infection of the liver capsule and “violin string” adhesions of peritoneum to liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Thin white vaginal discharge, vaginal pH > 4.5, fishy odor on 10% potassium hydroxide “whiff” test, and clue cells on saline mount microscopy

A

Bacterial vaginosis via Gardnerella vaginalis; rx metronidazole or clindamycin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Foul-smelling, greenish discharge; itching and burning; “strawberry cervix”; pH>4.5 ;dx/rx?

A

Trichomonas vaginalis, mobile protozoan with multiple flagella on microscopy; rx Metronidazole for patient and partner (prophylaxis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Thick vaginal discharge, vaginal pruritus, dysuria, vaginal pH 4–5, dx/rx?

A

Vaginal candidiasis, budding hyphae or spores on 10% KOH; rx topical azole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Painful penile, vulvar, or cervical vesicles and ulcers; can cause systemic symptoms such as fever, headache, myalgia

A

Genital herpes (HSV2); rx Valacyclovir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Polyarthalgia, Tenosynovitis,, Vesiculopustular skin lesions, sexually active?

A

Disseminated Gonococcal infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Urethritis, cervicitis, PID, prostatitis, epididymitis, arthritis, creamy purulent discharge

A

Neisseria gonorrhoeae; rx Ceftriaxone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Urethritis, cervicitis, conjunctivitis, reactive arthritis, PID

A

Chlamydia trachomatis (D-K)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Painful genital ulcer, inguinal adenopathy

A

Haemophilus ducreyi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Infection of lymphatics; painless genital ulcers, painful lymphadenopathy (i.e., buboes)

A

C. trachomatis (L1–L3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Smooth pink teardrop-like lesions on vulva; dx/rx?

A

Condyloma acuminata (genital warts) HPV 6/11; rx trichloroacetic acid or podophyllin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Early decelerations, which begin and end at approximately the same time as the maternal contraction.

A

Vagal stimulation due to Fetal head compression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Severe late decelerations, and usually with absent variability

A

Myocardial depression is associated with severe acidosis and perinatal morbidity and mortality.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Mild late decelerations

A

CNS reflex response to fetal hypoxia, from uteroplacental insufficiency, a sign of placental abruption or hypotension.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Fetal alcohol sx features?

A

growth retardation (weight or height ≤ 10th percentile), facial dysmorphia (smooth philtrum, thin vermilion border, short palpebral fissures, hypoplastic midface, and microcephaly), CNS (structural or functional abnormalities, MR)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

effects of beta-HCG on thyroid?

A

beta-HCG is a weak TSH-R stimulator, leading to increased T3/T4, increased TBG (even higher total T4), decreased TSH, subclinical hyperthyroidism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

1st trimester screen w/ low maternal serum α-fetoprotein, low estriol, low β-HCG, low or normal inhibin A

A

Trisomy 18, Edward’s syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

1st trimester screen w/ low β-hCG, low PAPP-A, and nuchal translucency.

A

Patau syndrome Trisomy 13

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

1st trimester screen w/ nuchal translcency, hypoplastic nasal bone, low serum PAPP-A, increased free β-hCG

A

Down syndrome (trisomy 21), 1:700

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

2nd trimester screen w/ low α-fetoprotein and estriol, high β-hCG and inhibin A.

A

Down syndrome (trisomy 21), 1:700

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

1st trimester elevated maternal AFP?

A

Neural tube defect (anencephaly, spina bifida), GI defect (gastroschesis, omphalocele), multiple gestation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Child born w flat facial profile, prominent epicanthal folds, upslanting palpebral fissure, clinodactyly, simian crease, and congenital heart disease. 15–18 weeks of gestation triple marker screen shows?

A

Down’s sx 3markers: decreased alpha-fetoprotein and estradiol, increase beta-hcg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Child born w rocker-bottom feet, low-set ears, micrognathia, prominent occiput, clenched hands, and congenital heart disease.. 15–18 weeks of gestation triple marker screen shows?

A

Trisomy 18, Edward’s syndrome; decreased alpha-fetoprotein, estradiol, and beta-hcg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Irregular menses, infertility, LH:FSH ratio > 3, increased dehydroepiandrosterone; dx?

A

PCOS; b/c of elevated androgens and may also present with acne, hirsutism, and weight gain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Pt w/ hirsutism, menstrual abnormalities, obesity, acanthosis nigricans, and precocious puberty; increased risk for?

A

PCOS a/w breast and endometrial cancer secondary to unopposed estrogen; increased risk of infertility, metabolic syndrome, DMT2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Primary amenorrhea without secondary sexual characteristics, anosmia; dx?

A

Kallmann’s sx GnRH synthesis disorder w/ olfactory bulb agenesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Indication for treatment of maternal HTN?

A

Hydralazine or labetalol for pt w/ SBP>150, DBP>100

30
Q

Post partum bleed greater than 8wks, multiple lesions in lungs; dx test?

A

Check beta-HCG for metastatic Choriocarcinoma, a malignant form of gestational trophoblastic disease

31
Q

<p>Amonorrhea w/ elevated FSH>40 and LH>25in <40yo?</p>

A

<p>Primary ovarian insufficiency (premature ovarian failure)</p>

32
Q

<p>Amonorrhea w/ normal FSH (5-30) and LH (5-20)in <40yo?</p>

A

<p>Anovulation, normal estrogen but lack of progestrone leads to lack of withdrawl bleeds (a/w obesity)</p>

33
Q

Amonorrhea in athlete w/ low BMI?

A

Estrogen deficiency, low GnRH and LH

34
Q

<p>Amonorrhea <40, hot flashes, vaginal dryness, breast atrophy, recent chemo, normal TSH and prolactin; dx? LH/FSH levels?</p>

A

<p>Premature ovarian failure w/ decreased Estrogen, elevated FSH and LH, w/ FSH:LH>1</p>

35
Q

Painless antepartum vaginal bleed with rupture of membranes, normal maternal vitals, rapid fetal tachy followed by bradycardia; dx/rx?

A

Vasa previa w/ fetal blood vessel (transverse internal os) rupture; rx immediate C-section

36
Q

Painless vaginal bleed, normal maternal vitals, fetal HR not acutely changed; dx?

A

Placenta previa; risk factors - multiparity, previous c-sec, maternal age, smoking

37
Q

Painful antepartum vaginal bleed with painful abdomen, tender hypertonic uterus; dx?

A

Placenta abrupcion

38
Q

Painful sudden antepartum vaginal bleeding and diffuse abd pain w/ maternal tachycardia, tachypnea, agitation, previous c-sec, usually during labor; dx?

A

Uterine rupture

39
Q

Postpartum fever, uterine tenderness, foul smelling lochia, prolonged ROM/labor, dx/rx?

A

Endometritis, polymicrobial infection; rx Clindamycin plus Gentamycin (aminoglycoside)

40
Q

Incontinence w/ sneezing, coughing (increased intra-abdominal pressure) and urethral straining angle>30 degrees (urethral hypermobility) dx/rx?

A

Stress incontinence (ineffective sphincter closure, weak pelvic floor muscles); rx Kegels, urethropexy, alpha-adrenergics

41
Q

Incontinence w/ feeling the urge to urinate, frequency, nocturia, small volume void; dx/rx?

A

Urge incontinence, overactive bladder (hyperactive detrusser muscle); rx Oxybutynin (antimuscarinic)

42
Q

Incontinence w/ abd fullness, increased frequency and low volume void; dx/rx?

A

Overflow incontinence from obstruction (BPH) or bladder atony (diabetic autonomic neuropathy); rx r/o obstruction 1st, Betahnecol cholinergic agonists (detrusser tone), alpha-antagoinst (decrease bladder neck tone)

43
Q

45 yoF w/ eczematous rash on nipple resistant to topical treatment; large cells with halo-like clearing invading epidermis; dx?

A

Paget’s dz of breast w/ underlying adenocarcinoma

44
Q

G3P0 6th wk pregnancy w/ previous miscarriages, positive VDRL, negative FTA-ABS, thrombocytopenia, increased PTT; dx/rx?

A

Antiphospholipid syndrome; rx Heparin LMWH while pregnant, warfarin after for long term

45
Q

Tocolysis meds to stop contractions? SE?

A

Beta-agonists (terbutaline, ritodrine) increase HR/CO, bronchodilate, pulm congestion/edema; CCB (nifdedipine) reflex tach; Cyclooxygenase inhibitors (indomethacine) used 24-32wks close PDA

46
Q

New onset hirsutism and acne in pregnant african american woman, b/l solid ovarian masses on US; dx/rx?

A

Luteoma, solid benign yellow mass, with hyperandrogenism affecting mother and risk of fetus verilization

47
Q

New onset hirsutism and acne in pregnant woman, elevated beta-HCG, cystic ovarian masses on US; dx/rx?

A

Theca luteal cysts, a/w molar pregnancy or multiple gestation; regresses after birth, suction curretage if molar; low risk fetus verilization

48
Q

New onset hirsutism and acne in pregnant woman, abdominal pain, GI bleeds, b/l ovarian masses on US; dx/rx?

A

Krukenberg tumor; GI malignancy metastatic to ovaries, high risk requires biopsy

49
Q

PID rx? (T>38, leukoytosis, ESR, purulent cervical discharge, adnexal/cervical motion/lower abd tenderness)

A

Outpt: IM ceftriaxone + PO doxycycline (or IM cefoxitin + PO doxy+probenecid); Inpt: IV Cefotetan + Doxycycline

50
Q

Menorrhage w/ pain, dyspareunia, infertility?

A

Endometriosis

51
Q

Menorrhage w/ dysmenorrhea, bulky globular tender uterus?

A

Adenomyosis (endometrial invasion of myometrium)

52
Q

Menorrhage w/ heavy menses and clots, large firm irregular uterus, urinary frequency, constipation, pelvic pain?

A

Uterine fibroids (leiomyoma)

53
Q

Menorrhage w/ irregular, intermenstral or postmenopausal bleeds, small nontender uterus, hx of obesity/anovulation/nulliparity?

A

Endometrial hyperplasia or cancer

54
Q

Menorrhage w/ fever, foul discharge, recent instrumentation hx?

A

Endometritis

55
Q

Newborn w/ microcephaly, midfacial hypoplasia, cleft lip/palate, digit hypoplasia, hirsutism, developmental delay; dx? (utero exposure)

A

Fetal hydantoin sx from exposure to antiepileptic Carbamazepine or Phenytoin

56
Q

Newborn w/ diffuse echymotic scalp swelling

A

Capput seccundum

57
Q

Newborn w/ scalp swelling limited to one skeletal bone

A

Cephalohematoma

58
Q

Pre-eclampsia definition?

A

New onset severe HTN (>140/90) after 20wks gestation w/ proteinuria (300mg/24h or 3+)

59
Q

60yoF p/w vulvar itching, thin, white, dry appearance, white macules and patches; dx/rx?

A

Lichen Sclerosis (inflamattory atrophy); punch biopsy (r/o SCC); rx topical corticosteroids

60
Q

Abortion rx?

A

Mifepristone and misoprostol

61
Q

Morning after pill?

A

Levonogestrel or Ulipristal; Copper implant has best efficacy in stopping post fertilization pregnancy

62
Q

Rapid onset virilization in 40yo non-obese woman, workup/dx?

A

Serum testosterone and DHEAS; elevated DHEAS usually>700 (normal T) - adrenal neoplasm vs elevated T (normal DHEAS) - Ovarian

63
Q

Estrogen producing ovarian tumor p/w precocious puberty in adolescent or postmenopausal bleeds

A

Granulosa cell tumor; also Thecoma (benign ovarian neoplasm) produces Estrogen

64
Q

Most common ovarian tumor, psammomma bodies, often b/l?

A

Serous cystadenocarcinoma

65
Q

Androgen producing ovarian tumor causing defeminization and masculinization?

A

Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor

66
Q

Triad of ovarian fibromas, ascites, hydrothorax; p/w pulling at the groin; dx?

A

Meigs syndrome

67
Q

32 wks gravida p/w intense pruritis especially palms& soles at night, elevated ALT/AST, alkphos, total bile acids; dx?

A

Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy; dx Ursodeoxycholic acid, supportive

68
Q

32 wks gragida p/w progressive malaise, RUQ abd pain, N&V, hypoglycemia, ascites, encephalopathy, elevated bilirubin, mildly elevated ALT/AST, possibly sever coagulopathy, fatty infiltrates in liver; dx?

A

Acute fatty liver of pregnancy, w/ liver failure complications, AKI, DIC

69
Q
A
70
Q
A

2step (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions