Derm Flashcards
Rash pruritic, begins with a herald patch that’s erythematous, round, and clears centrally with a peripheral scale, spreads downward/ centrifugally
Pityriasis rosea; thought to be virally mediated
Rash on palms and soles, red and often scaled. Sx headache, fever, anorexia, myalgias, and diffuse lymphadenopathy
Rash of secondary syphilis
Acute eczematous rash, lesions are arranged linearly
Contact dermatitis causes an acute eczematous rash and results from a type IV hypersensitivity reaction to an allergen (poison Ivy)
Melanoma ABCDE’s
Asymmetric, Border irregular, Color varies, Diameter>6mm, Enlarging
Rash nonpruritic or painful, pigmentation can be hypo- or hyperpigmented or salmon pink; dx test?
KOH prep shows both spores and hyphae of the yeast Malassezia furfur (Pityrosporum ovale) in “spaghetti and meatballs” pattern.
Hep C pt p/w lesions (on his wrists, ankles, scalp) that are shiny, violaceous, sharply demarcated, confluent papules containing fine white lines in a lacy pattern
Lichen planus; remember the “5 P’s”: Purple, Polygonal, Pruritic, Papules, and Planar, and Wickham’s striae.
Tetrad of arthralgias, abdominal pain, purpuric rash (often on buttocks), and renal disease.
Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP), a small-vessel vasculitis
Pruritic erythematous plaques with fine, greasy, yellow, loose looking scales
Seborrhaic dermatitis (frequent in Parkinsons and AIDs)
Erythema Nodosum - painful inflammation of subcutaneous fat, erythematous nodules on ant surface of legs; a/w?
Sarcoidosis, TB, Strep, Coccidiomycosis, Histoplasmosis, IBD (Crohns and UC), Leprosy
Reticular lacy skin erythema that blanches with pressure? Dx?
Livido Reticularis from atheroembolus to peripheral arterioles
Pt w/ crohns dz p/w leg ulcer that has purulent base and ragged violaceous border; dx? a/w?
Pyoderma gangrenosum, neutrophilic (on bx) inflammatory ulcer, a/w crohns, UC, RA, AML; rx corticosteroids
Pustule w/ surrounding erythema evolves into necrosis, dx?
Ecthyma gangeronsum via Pseudomonas Areugenosa
Painful inflammatory lesions of subcutaneous fat, usually on anterior shins. Idiopathic or a/w sarcoidosis, coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, TB, streptococcal infections, leprosy, and Crohn disease
Erythema nodosum
Axilla (or groin or scalp) inflammatory purlent nodules or abscess with scarring?
Hydradenitis supporitiva
Painful swelling on the inner aspect of eye, inflammation erythema of medial cathus with purulent discharge; dx?
Dacryocystitis via staph or beta-hemolytic strep w/ nasolacrimal duct obstruciton; rx PO antibiotix warm compression
Painful red tender abscess over lower or upper eyelid?
Hordeolum Staph infection
Hard painless rubbery nodule on eyelid?
Chalazion, chronic granulomatous inflammation from blocked Meibomian gland
Painful watery red eye w/ vesicles and dendritic ulcers; dx?
Herpes simplex keratitis, multi-nucleated giant cells on scrapings
IgG antibody against desmoglein (component of desmosomes). Flaccid intraepidermal bullae; oral mucosa also involved. Nikolsky sign (separation of epidermis upon manual stroking of skin).
Pemphigus vulgaris (bullae are Vulnerable)
IgG antibody against hemidesmosomes (epidermal basement membrane; antibodies are “bullow” the epidermis). Tense blisters containing eosinophils affect skin but spare oral mucosa.
Bullous pemphigoid
Erythema multiforme: multiple types of lesions—macules, papules, vesicles, and target lesions (look like targets with multiple rings and a dusky center showing epithelial disruption); a/w?
Associated with infections (e.g., Mycoplasma pneumoniae, HSV), drugs (e.g., sulfadrugs, β-lactams, phenytoin), cancers, and autoimmune disease.
