Repro 3 - normal pregnancy, labour, delivery

Question 1

the fetus is responsible for the production of what hormone?

Answer 1

estriol

Question 2

blood flow to wihch maternal organs occurs during gestation?

Answer 2

breast, kidney, skin, uterus. NOT the liver.

blood flow increases to skin to decrease heat

Question 3

what is an incorrect assumption about the ratio of placenta to fetus?

Answer 3

it is incorrect that the proportion of placenta available per gram of fetus increases throughout pregnancy.

Question 4

name the process where the trophoblast invades maternal epithelium

Answer 4

hemochorial placentation

Question 5

name the process where the human maternal uterine vein and fetal umbilical vein have similar p02

Answer 5

concurrent circulation model

Question 6

name the process where aa’s are carried through the placenta against the concentration gradients.

Answer 6

active transport

Question 7

the functional unit of the fetomaterinal exchange is:

Answer 7

the terminal villi

Question 8

the blood found in the intervillous space is from who, fetus or mother:

Answer 8

maternal in origin

Question 9

myometrial contractions are bought about by what?

Answer 9

interaction of myosin and actin as intracellular calcium increases.

Question 10

the oxygen dissociation curve of fetal blood lies to the left of the maternal bllod curve. what does this imply?

Answer 10

the 02 transfer to the fetus is easy.
- the pH of the fetus is slight lower than maternal pH. the difference in oxygen affinity is very small invivo. the fetus lives at a lover 02 concentration with an oxygen loving hemoglobin ( hbF). Althought there is more HbF and HbA, this is not implied by the dissociation curve.

Question 11

which of the following routine investigations would be appropriate at the first prenatal visit of a health pregnant patient ( may choose more than one)?:

Answer 11

hemglobin or hematocrit, Rh factor, urinalysis ( for protein and glucose) , blood type.
- dont do the pap smear until 6months, diabetes sreen at 24 weeks, GBS is done around 36 weeks. TSH is not routinly done during pregnancy.

Question 12

changes in the urinary system in pregnant women include all of the following:

Answer 12

increase GFR, glycosuria common because tubular reaborption is exceeded, vascular reactivity to angiotension II is reduced in pregnancy, dilation of ureters and renal pelvis

Question 13

does the fetus increase serum concentrations of uric acid and creatinine?

Answer 13

nope. your kidneys ramp up to deal with it

Question 14

when can fetal cardiac acitivty be seen on Ultrasound,

Answer 14

6 weeks

Question 15

in a normal first stage of labour, the minimal rate of dilation of the cervix for multiparious women during the active phase is?

Answer 15

1.2 cm/ hr

Question 16

where is oxytocin produced:

Answer 16

posterior pituitary

Question 17

during pregnancy, varicose veins in the legs are exacerbated due to increased: _____ pressure

Answer 17

lower extremities venous

Question 18

in 85% of natural pregnancies, the endometrium is receptive tothe blastocyst for :

Answer 18

8-10 days after the LH surge, or 6-7 days after fetilization

Question 19

how are immunoglobulins transported across the plasma?

Answer 19

endocytosis

Question 20

the fetus develops in an environement with low pressure of02 by extra uterine standards yet it manages to do well because

Answer 20

fetal erythrocytes have a higher oxygen carrying capacity

Question 21

the vessel with the highest partial pressure of 0xygen in fetal circualtion is:

Answer 21

the inferior vena cava - because thats where mom’s fresh blood comes directly into

Question 22

does abortion impact fertility?

Answer 22

no