Integument Quiz Flashcards
how do you treat pityriasis rosea?
you dont, its a self limiting bacterial infection, red and scaly that is most common between ages 10-20
the most common location for melanoma to occur in women is:
legs. for men its the back
what is the structure that is indepdent of the hair apparatus?
the eccrine sweat gland - it doesnt need a hair follicle to exude its stuff
where is the isthmus of the hair follicle?
between the infundibulum and the inferior portion. so between the arrector pili and the sebaceous
what is the function of sweating in the palms and feet?
to help grip objects - so sweating in the palms and hands is physiological
what germ layer is the epidermis?
ectoderm
how does UVB treatment help psoriasis?
chronic sun exposure decreases langerhans cells = decreased immune response
during keratinization, keratinocytes mature and ultimately lose their nuclei before being shed, the approximate time estimated for this process to take place is :
28 days, but in psoriasis it happens in like 4 days and this results in abnormal maturation and abnormal epidermis
what would cellulitis present with?
warmth, intense erythemia, and edema
what would lime disease present with>
erythema chronicum migrans, a migrating erythmatous patch, often with an indurated or pale center
what does varicella zoster present with?
vesicles that develop over several days, in a band of 1-2 dermatomes, leaving dried crusts as they resolve
the histoligic changes seen when spongiosis is present on microscopic examination of the skin include:
intraepidermal intracellular edema - which is usually seen in eczema ( atopic dermatisis)
where do langerhans cells live?
in the epidermis.
where do histiocytes, eosinophils, fibroblasts live?
dermis
infection with staphylococcus aureus is commonly link to what skin issues:
impetigo, folliculitis, furunculosis.
what causes scarlet fever?
streptococcus
what skin secretion is not significantly influence by emotional factors?
sebum production- it is relatively constant through a 24 hour time period
what skin secretions are influenced by emotion?
eccrine sweat production, apocrine sweat production, cuntneaous vascular supply
what manifests as macules and patches rather than palpable lesions?
vitiligo -
the most common antibiotic used to treat acne is:
tetracycline. note that amox, cloxacillin, and ciprofloxacin would rarely be used for this indication
the most common cause of allergic contact dermatitis in the general population is :
nickel - think of jordan and belts! 5% of the population have this contact allergy
which tinea infection requires the longest and most aggressive course of treatment?
tinea unguium - generaly requires oral therapy and a 12 week treatment. the other tineas repond to topical therapy in 4 weeks timse.
patient has a small group pruritic vesicles on the right aspect of the forehead, present for one week with a history of previous episode in the same area. what is it?
herpes simplx virus
a microscopic specimen of skin demonstration vaculoation of keratinocytes in the upper epidermis, a basket weave straum corneum, and a koilocytosis is most consistent with what diagnosis?
wart.
the causative organism for roseola infantum ( exanthm subitum) is generally agreed to be:
human herpes virus 6
when do you use KOH?
a dermatophyte or yeast infection, to dissolve the keratin so you can see the hyphae
when do you use woods lamp?
to see tinea capitis, erythrasma, vitiligo
when do you use oil microscope?
for scabies examination
when do you use Tzank smear?
herpes simple, varicella, or zoster. it is positive when giant multinucleated keratinocytes are detected. it is only positive in 75% of early cases
when do you use darkfield examination?
for syphilis
guttate psoriais is most commonly associate with what bacteria? :
streptococci
the correct layers of the epidermis, from innermost to outermout is:
basal layer, spinosum, granular layer, cornified layer
a group of .5 cm papules have coalesced to form a single larger lesion would be most accurately defined as:
plaque
a pathognomonic lesion of scabies is:
a burrow- a threadlike, meandering line gernally less than 1 cm in length typically located on hands or feet
there is separation between the epidermis and dermis, which would lead to what primary skin lesion?
a bulla. this is a case of bullous pemphigoid
what are the typical nail signs of psoriasis?
onycholysis, subunguar hyperkeratosis, oil drop sign.
what is subungual hematoma due to most often?
trauma
the principal chemical difference between the protein of the nail plate and the protein of the strateum corneum is
increased sulfer content. it is the cross linking in the sulphur moeities which increases the hardness of cutaneous proteins
what are common signs of atopic dermatitis?
lichenification, exociration, crusts.
a group of parallel lines in the skin, demonstrating loss of epidermis and superficial dermis, would best be defined as:
excoriations ( scratching)
in a patient with eczema, where do the hyperkeratosis and acanthosis occur?
hyperketatosis = thickening of stratum corneum, and acanthosis = thickening in stratum spinosum
when will a scar develop?
when the skin disorder causes loss of the dermis
will pemphigus leave scarring or not?
no scarring because the dermis is not affected, it is a splitting between basal layer of the epi, and the next layer up ( the stratum spinosum)
regarding the use of botulinum toxin for treating hyperhidrosis, what is the MOA/
the botulinum toxin will decrease the release of acetylcholine at the sweat gland
which of the following are under the direct influence of the peripheral nervous system?
sweat production and vasodilation
what is good treatment for psoriasis?
narrow 311nm UVB radiation, biologics - because both of these target the immune system
what are comorbidities with psoriasis?
psoriatic arthritis ( pauciarticular and nonsymmetric in distribution), cardiovascular disease
will psoriasis scar?
no
how many hair need to be lost before visible thinning is present?
half of the total content: 50,000 lost, out of 100,000
what is the most common type of skin cancer/
BCC - thank god. its totalyl benign and you just scrape it off and its all good. smooth shiny telangectagic.
what is the treatment for rosacea?
topical metronidazole, laser ablation, systemic antibiotic, topical azaleic acid
what is the most common subtype of HPV causing condyloma acuminata?
6,11
