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Maternal > Repro > Flashcards

Repro Flashcards

1
Q

Body organ tht produces the cells necessary for reproducton

A

Gonad

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2
Q

When stimulated, this part of the beain synthesized and releases gonadotropin-releasing hormone

A

Hypothalamus

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3
Q

This gland release FSH and LH

A

Anterior Pituitary

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4
Q

Anterior pituitary gland release hormone/s called?

A

FSH and LH

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5
Q

Which hormone influences the enlargement of labia majora, clitoris, and the formation of axilla/pubic hair?

A

Testorsterone

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6
Q

Term for beggining of breast development

A

thelarche

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7
Q

A rugated, skin-covered, muscular pouch suspended from the perineum.

-support the testes
-regulates temperature of the sperm

A

Scrotum

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8
Q

Episodic uterine bleeding in response to cylic hormonal changes

A

Menstrual cycle

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9
Q

Purpose of menstrual cycle

A

bring an ovium to maturity
renew uterine tissue bed

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10
Q

Average length of menstrual cycle

A

28 days

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11
Q

term for menstrual flow

A

menses

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11
Q

It is released from the hyphothalamus that stimulates the menstrual cycle

A

GnRH

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11
Q

4 organs involved in the physiology of mentrsual cycle

A

hyphothalamus, pituitary gland, ovaries, and uterus.

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12
Q

part of anterior pituitary gland that produces two hormones

A

adenohyphophysis

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13
Q

Hormone that is active in early in the cycle and is responsible for the maturation of ovum.

A

FSH

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14
Q

(Hormone)

-Most active at the middle of the cycle
-Responsible for the ovulation
-Release of the mature egg cells from the ovary
-Stimulates the growth of uterine lining during
the second half of menstrual cycle

A

Luteinizing Hormone

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15
Q

Small ovum (size of a period) surrounded with follicular membrane and fluid

A

Grafiaan Follicle

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16
Q

remnants of ovarian follicle / ruptured grafiaan follicle

A

corpus luteum

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17
Q

average amount of menstrual flow

A

30-80 mL

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18
Q

It happens when the ovum is set free from the surface of the ovary

A

Ovulation

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19
Q

T or F

basal body temp drops slightly by 0.5 to 1F before the day of ovulation because of extreme level of progesterone

A

True

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20
Q

“yellow body”

A

corpus luteum

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21
Q

“white body”

A

corpus albicans

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21
Q

Uterine Phases

-immediately after a menstrual flow (during
first 5 or 4 days of a cycle) the endometrium, or
lining of the uterus is very thin
-the ovary begins to produce estrogen (causes endometrium to grow rapidly as much as eightfold)

A

Proliferative

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22
Q

Uterine Phases

-After Ovulation: endometrium become
corkscrew or twisted in appearance and dilated
with quantities of glycogen and protein.
-Appears as rich, spongy velvet

A

Secretory

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22
Q

Uterine Phases

-If fertilization does not occur the corpus
luteum in the ovary begins to regress after 8-10
days.
-endometrium of the uterus begins to
degenerate; capillaries rupture with minute
hemorrhages and endometrium sloughs off

A

Ischemic

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23
Q

Uterine Phases

  • is actualy the end of of an arbitrarily defined
    menstrual cycle.
A

Menses

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24
Q

test to determine that ovulation is about to happen by stretching a cervical mucus between thumb and finger

A

spinnbarkeit

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24
Q

pattern fern test shows

A

aborization / ferning

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25
Q

the study of the male
reproductive organs.

A

Andrology

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25
Q

-Is a rugated, skin-covered, muscular pouch
suspended from the perineum.

-Function: to support the testes and help
regulate the temperature of sperm. TESTES

A

SCROTUM

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26
Q

-Are two ovoid glands, 2 to 3 cm wide that rest
in the scrotum.

-Each is encased by a protective white
fibrous and is composed of number lobules.

-Each lobule contains interstitial cells (Leydig
cells) that produce testosterone and a
seminiferous tubule that produces spermatozoa.

A

TESTES

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27
Q

-Is composed of three cylindrical masses of erectile tissue in the penis shaft. -The urethra passes through these layers of
tissue, allowing the penis to serve as both the
outlet for the urinary and reproductive tracts in
men.

A

penis

28
Q

a condition in which one or both of the testes fail to descend from the abdomen into the scrotum.

A

Cryptorchidism

29
Q

In males, this hormone is responsible for the release of Androgen binding protein

A

FSH

30
Q

In males, this hormone is responsible for the release of testosterone from the testes

A

LH

31
Q

normal sperm count

A

100 million

32
Q

cells that lies in the spaces between the functional cells

A

interstitial cells

33
Q

-Tightly coiled tube (over 20 ft long)
-It is responsible for conducting sperm from the
tubule to the vas deferens.
-Some sperm are stored in here

A

EPIDIDYMIS

34
Q

passageway of sperm

A

ejaculatory duct

35
Q

how many days does sperm maturation takes?

A

65 to 75 days

36
Q

it is the absence of sperm

A

aspermia

37
Q

fewer than 20 million sperm fer mL

A

oligospermia

38
Q

-Reffered to as the spermatic cord
-Sperm complete maturation as they pass
through this. They are still not
mobile at this point, however, probably because of the fairly acidic medium of semen.

A

VAS DEFERENS (Ductus Deferens)

39
Q

-These glands secrete a viscous alkaline liquid
with a high sugar, protein and prostaglandin
content.
-Sperm become increasingly motile because
this added fluid sorrounds them with a more
favorable pH environment.
- secretes thick, mucuslike

++ it produces many of the constituent ingredients of semen. They ultimately provide around 70% of the total volume of semen.

A

seminal vesicles (also known as the vesicular or seminal glands)

40
Q

-Is a chesnut-sized gland
-Purpose: to secrete a thin alkaline fluid
-thin milky secretions

A

prostate gland

41
Q

-They supply one more source of alkaline fluid
to help ensure the safe passage of spermatozoa.
-main source of the pre-ejaculate fluid

A

BULBOURETHRAL GLANDS

42
Q

-Is a hollow tube leading from the base of the
bladder (8 inches or 18-20 cm long).

A

URETHRA

43
Q

study of female reproductive organs

A

gynecology

44
Q

-is a pod of adipose tissue located over the
symphisis pubis, the pubic bone joint.
-covered by a triangle of course, curly hairs, the
purpose is to protect the junction of the pubic
bone from trauma.

A

MONS VENERIS

45
Q

-posterior to the mons veneris spread two
hairless folds of connective tissue,
-pink in color
-the area is abundant with sebaceous glands, so
localized sebaceous cysts may occur here.

A

LABIA MINORA

46
Q

-are two folds of tissue
-compose of loose connective tissue covered by
epithelium and pubic hair
-serve as the protection for the external
genitalia

A

LABIA MAJORA

47
Q

-is the flattened, smooth surface inside the labia
-the openings of the bladder and the uterus
(vagina) both arise from this space.

A

Vestibule

48
Q

-is a small (approximately 1-2 cm), rounded
organ of erectile issue at the forward junction of the labia minora
-Covered by prepuce
-Sensitive to touch and temperature
-Center for sexual arousal and orgasm

A

CLITORIS

49
Q

-(paraurethral glands)
- secrete lubrication at the opening of the urethra

A

Skene glands

50
Q

-vulvovaginal glands
- secretions lubricate external genetalia during
coitus

A

Bartholin glands

51
Q

-is the ridge of tissue formed by the posterior
joining of the labia minora and labia majora.
-this is the structure that sometimes tears
(laceration)

A

Fourchette

52
Q

cutting of fourchette during childbirth to enlarge the vaginal opening.

A

(episiotomy)

53
Q

-Tough but elastic semicircle of tissue that
covers the opening of the vagina during
childhood

A

Hymen

53
Q

condition where hymen is so complete that it does not allow for the passage of menstrual blood from vagina

A

(hematocolpomerra)

54
Q

-size and shape of almonds (approximately 3
cm long, 2 cm in diameter, 1.5 cm thick)
-they are grayish white and appear pitted, w/
minute indentations on the surface.

Function:
-to produce, mature or dicharge ova (egg cells)
-To produce estrogen and progesterone and
initiate and regulate menstrual cycle
-are held suspended and in close contact with
the ends of the fallopian tubes by three strong
ligaments that attached both to the uterus and
pelvic wall.

A

OVARIES

54
Q

-arise from each upper corner of the uterine body and extend outward and backward until each opens at its distal end, next to an ovary.

Functions:
-convey the ovum from the ovaries to the uterus
-provide place for fertilization of the ovum by
sperm

A

FALLOPIAN TUBES

55
Q

-is a hollow muscular, pear shaped organ
located in the lower pelvis, posterior to the
bladder and anterior to the rectum

Functions:
-receive the ovum from the fallopian tube; -provide place for implantation and
nourishment;
-furnish protection to growing fetus and at
maturity of the fetus, expel it from a woman’s
body.

A

Uterus

56
Q

-enlarges greatly to aid in accomodating the
growing fetus during pregnancy. -portion where the incision is made when a
fetus is born by a Cesarean birth

A

Isthmus of uterus

57
Q

-act as the organ of intercourse and to convey
sperm to the cervix
-during childbirth, it expands to serve as the
birth canal

A

Vagina

58
Q

skin surrounding the nipple, darkly
pigmented, about 4 cm

A

Areola

58
Q

cells thar produces milk

A

Acinar Cells:

58
Q

serves as the reservoir for milk before
breastfeeding

A

Ampulla

58
Q

-menstruation occuring with intervals of more
than 35 days
-a condition in which you have infrequent
menstrual period
-occurs in women of childbearing age

A

OLIGOMENORRHEA

58
Q

the area appears rough
on the surface: contains sebaceous glands:
produce sebum, lubricates nipple and areaola
during breastfeeding

A

Montgomery tubercle

58
Q

-menstruation occuring with intervals of lesss
than 21 days (normal menstrual cycle is
between 24 and 38 days long)

A

POLYMENORRHEA

58
Q

-prolonged menstrual flow

A

HYPERMENORRHEA

58
Q

-also known as short or scanty periods
-is extremely light menstrual blood flow

A

HYPOMENORRHEA

58
Q

-regular menstrual cycles with excessive flow
(more than 80 ml of volum) or menstruation
lasting more than 7 days.

A

MENORRHAGIA

59
Q

definitive characteristics that diff. the male and female

A

human sexuality

59
Q

any physical / sexual stimulation preceeding

A

foreplay

59
Q

finding pleasure by stimulation of one sexual organ

A

mastrubation

59
Q

release of semen and sperm

A

ejaculation

60
Q

oneself’s image as male/female

A

sexual orientation

60
Q

appropriate behavior according to the sex of an indiv.

A

gender role

61
Q

describes the pre-dominant gender preference of an indiv.

A

sexual orientation

Maternal (12 decks)

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