Fetal Health Flashcards
process of labor / delivery
parturition or confinement
pregnant woman
grvida
number of pregnancies in which fetus had reached viability
parity
woman in labor
parturient
woman who has neven been pregnant
nulligravida
pregnant for the first time
primigravida
woman who has 2 or more pregnancy
multigravida
woman who has not completed pregnancy with fetus that reached age of viability (28 weeks limit)
nullipara
multipara
woman who has completed 2 or more pregnancy
before birth
prenatal
28 weeks of gestation until 28 days after birth
perinatal
after birth
post natal
before the delivery
prepartum
intrapartum
labor and delivery
after delivery
post partum
process wherein zygote becomes fertilized ovum
fertilization
how long does zygote stays in the fallopian tube?
3 to 4 days
(zygote) while staying at the fallopian tube for 3-4 days, what does it form?
blastomere
when the blastomere divides and become 16 cells, what is it called?
morula
actions that aids morula to move to uterus
cilliary action
how long does morula stays in UTERUS?
3-4 days
other term for implantation
nidation
when a cavity forms within morula it is then called a?
blastocyst
outer layer of the blastocyst (finger like projections)
trophoblast
during the implantation, the endometrial / uterine lining is now called?
decidua
two layers of trophoblast
cytotrophoblast (inner) and syncytrophoblast (outer, has fingerlike projection called chorionic villi)
a.c.a “Langhans Layer”
this layer of trophoblast protects the fetus from treponema pallidum (a causative agent of syphyllis) and give rise to fetal membrane
cytotrophoblast
two parts of fetal membrane
amnion (inner) and chorion
at how many months placenta forms
8th weeks / 2nd month
cells forming the outer layer of a blastocyst, which provides nutrients to the embryo, and develops into a large part of the placenta.
trophoblast
how many cotyledons (divisions) does placenta have?
15-20
two parts of placenta made by amnion
tunis (umbilical cord) and amniotic fluid
chorion + decidua =
placenta
-lifeline of fetus
- 20 ro 22 inches or 51-56 cm
- 0.8 inch or 2 cm in diameter
- has 2 arteries and 1 vein
tunis
how many weeks does amniotic fluid appears?
11 - 15 weeks
jelly like substance within the tunis prevents that coiling of tunis
wharton’s jelly
clear albuminous fluid where the baby floats a.c.a BOW
amniotic fluid
1.007 - 1.025 —> specific gravity of amniotic fluid)
1.007 - 1.025 —> specific gravity of amniotic fluid)
at this month, fetal urine adds up to AF (maternal serum)
4th lunar month
AF - 3 Protective functions
protects the baby from the abdominal pressure, changes in temperature, and infections
AF - 3 Diagnostic functions
- amniocentesis - detects chromosomal abnormalities by getting AF sample
- meconium stain - determine if the fetus is distress
- aids in descent during active labor
STAGES OF HUMAN PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT
- 4th - 8th weeks period of organogenesis (formation of cells, organs, and ogran systems)
Embryonic Stage
STAGES OF HUMAN PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT
- fertilization to 1st week of gestation
- zygote grows and differentiate
- formation of germ layers (endo, meso and ectoderm- this is where organs system of baby came from)
- implantation
Pre-embryonic stage (stage of ovum)
CONSEQUENTIAL STAGE OF FETAL HEALTH
*differentiation of germ layers
*formation of fetal membrane at 2nd week
* nervous system begins to appear at 3rd week
- the heart begins as early as 16th day of life
1st lunar month
STAGES OF HUMAN PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT
*time of births characterized by growth and development
Fetal Stage
CONSEQUENTIAL STAGE OF FETAL HEALTH
*at 8th weeks, all vital organs are formed, placenta develops, sex organs (testes / ovum) formed
*meconium (a newborn’s first poop) is formed at 5th - 8th weeks
2nd lunar month
when is the fetal sex determine?
at the conception by means of chromosomes (X an Y)
when will we hear the heart beat?
5th lunar month
CONSEQUENTIAL STAGE OF FETAL HEALTH
- by 12th weeks, the kidneys are able to function (urine formation)
*ends of temporary teeth are formed
*bones are formed
*fetus swallows amniotic fluid
*fetoplacetal circulation starts
3rd lunar month
CONSEQUENTIAL STAGE OF FETAL HEALTH
*Lanugo (fine, downward hairs) appear
* buds of permanent teeth are formed
*heartbeat may be audible by fetoscope
4th lunar month
CONSEQUENTIAL STAGE OF FETAL HEALTH
- vernix carseosa appears and lanugo covers the whole body
*quickening (first fetal movement felt by mother)
*fetal heart rate is very audible
5th lunar month
CONSEQUENTIAL STAGE OF FETAL HEALTH
*skin wrinkled
*attains the proportion of a full term baby
6th lunar month
CONSEQUENTIAL STAGE OF FETAL HEALTH
*alveoli forms and secretes surfactants that prevent collapse of the lungs
7th lunar month
CONSEQUENTIAL STAGE OF FETAL HEALTH
*fetus is viable
*lanugo begins to disappear
*nail extends to finger
*subQ fats deposition begins
8th lunar month
CONSEQUENTIAL STAGE OF FETAL HEALTH
*lanugo and vernix carseosa disappears
*amniotic fluid decreases
9th lunar month
CONSEQUENTIAL STAGE OF FETAL HEALTH
the fetus already has the characteristic of a new born
10th lunar month
days of normal pregnancy
266-280 days
focus of development
1 trimester
organogenesis
focus of development
2nd trimester
continued growth and dev’t and rapid increase in fetal length
focus of development
3rd trimester
most rapid growth and dev’t
6 funtions of placenta
- respiratory system - exchange of gases
- gastrointestinal system - passsage of nutrients by means of diffusion thru placental tissue
- circulatory system - fetoplacental by selective osmosis thru arteries and veins of tunis
- renal system - excretion of waste product (maternal liver detoxifies fetal waste product
- endocrine - HCG HPL
- protective function - inhibits the passage of bacteria and large molecules to fetus
