Replication

Question 1

DNA replication

Answer 1

Copying of DNA content every time the cell divides resulting in identical copies of chromosome pairs in each daughter cell

Question 2

Semi-conservative

Answer 2

Each polynucleotide strand acts as a template to form a complementary strand

Question 3

DNA polymerase

Answer 3

Synthesizes complementary strand using single stranded DNA

Question 4

RNA polymerase

Answer 4

Synthesizes RNA primers

Question 5

DNA polymerase lll

Answer 5

Carries out most of DNA replication

Question 6

DNA polymerase l

Answer 6

Used in DNA repair and removes primers

Question 7

Replisome

Answer 7

Multi-protein complex where replication takes place

Question 8

Gyrase

Answer 8

Type II Topo which unwinds DNA

Question 9

Helicase

Answer 9

Separates the stands

Question 10

Single stranded binding protein

Answer 10

Keeps strands from renaturing

Question 11

DNA ligase

Answer 11

Links Okazaki fragments

Question 12

Topoisomerase

Answer 12

Enzyme that alters the topological state of DNA

Question 13

Linking number

Answer 13

Number of times 1 strand winds around the other in a complete circle in a right - hand direction

Question 14

Type I Topo

Answer 14

Cleaves 1 strand and doesn’t need energy

Question 15

Type II Topo

Answer 15

Cleaves both strands and requires energy

Question 16

DNA pol alpha

Answer 16

Replicates chromosomal DNA, has primase activity, lacks endonuclease activity, and is the lagging strand replicase

Question 17

DNA pol delta

Answer 17

Is the leading strand replicase, lacks primase activity and has exonuclease activity

Question 18

DNA pol beta

Answer 18

Involved in DNA repair

Question 19

DNA pol gamma

Answer 19

Replicates mitochondrial DNA

Question 20

DNA repair

Answer 20

Protects against external damaging agents to prevent mutation

Question 21

Direct repair

Answer 21

Reverses damages using enzymes

Question 22

Nucleotide excision repair

Answer 22

Endonuclease cleaves damage and pol I removes it and fills gap which is then sealed by DNA ligase

Question 23

Telomeres

Answer 23

Made up of G-rich DNA repeats and proteins found at the ends of chromosomes, it prevents degradation and recombination

Question 24

Telomerase

Answer 24

Made of up a reverse transcriptase and RNA template and proteins, it maintains telomere length