★ Renewed & International Terror Flashcards
★ Who was Zhdanov?
★ Coordinated the great cultural purge known as the Zhdanovschina
★ Used propaganda to promote the ‘right ideology’ due to Stalin’s fear of the West
★ How did the Zhdanovschina start?
★ By purging two literary works: The Adventures of a Monkey by Zoshchenko and a collection of poems by Anna Akhmatova
★ Who was Sergei Eisenstein?
★ Created of the film Ivan the Terrible, who was attacked and condemned for his portrayal of the Tsar’s bodyguards as ‘thugs’ rather than a progressive army
★ Had to make public recantations of their ‘errors’ in order to continue working
★ What did Trofim Lysenko do to science and scholarship?
★ ‘Lysenkoism’ crippled Soviet scientific debelopment and the study of maths, physics, chemistry and economics
★ What became the main characteristics of Stalin’s character?
★ Hysterical Isolationism: All Soviet people denied access to the outside world to avoid influence from the West
★ Purges of Party Officials and Intellectuals: Yezhovschina and Zhadanovschina
★ Paranoia: Doctors’ Plot and The Leningrad Affair
★ Socialist Realism
★ What was the Leningrad Affair?
★ Context: Party rivalry between Moscow and Leningrad with Stalin preventing politicians with a power-base in Leningrad from gaining too much power
★ 1949, the death of Zhdanov was followed up by the purging of the Leningrad Party, all were executed in October 1950 and more than 2000 officials from the city had been dismissed from their posts and replaced with pro-Stalin communists
★ What was the Georgian Purges?
★ A purge of officials in Georgia who were accused of collaborating with Western powers
★ What was the Doctors’ Plot?
★ ‘ Conspiracy ‘ revealed by Lydia Timashuk who wrote to Stalin saying that the doctors who were treating Zhdanov used sloppy methods, contributing to his death
★ In 1952, Stalin used this to arrest many doctors for being part of a ‘ Zionist conspiracy ‘, claimed that Jewish doctors were in the pay of Israel and the USA
★ Thousands of ordinary Jewish people were sent to Gulags and Anti-Jewish hysteria was whipped up by the press
★ What was the Iron Curtain Speech?
★ Winston Churchill’s attack on the Soviet Bloc given in the USA, start of the Cold War
★ Born out of a misunderstanding over the term ‘Spears of Influence’, USSR just wanted peace and security to rebuild since Eastern Europe was hostile towards Russia while Americans believed that Russia wanted to get rid of freedom in Eastern Europe and worried that the West would be next
★ What was the Long Telegram?
★ An 8000 word telegram given by George Kennan, the USA embassy official in Moscow on how to handle diplomatic relations with the USSR, would form the basis of American policy towards the SU for the next 25 years
★ What was the Truman Doctrine?
★ USA’s first moves in preventing the spread of Communism
★ What was the Marshall Plan?
★ Aimed at rebuilding the countries in Western Europe and repelling Communism after World War 2
★ What are Satellite States?
★ Countries that retrained their national identity but had pro-Soviet Governments, from 1949 onwards these came increasingly under Soviet control
★ What are Buffer States?
★ Term used to describe the Satellite States of Eastern Europe that provided security to Russia’s western borders
★ What are Salami Tactics?
★ The idea of subverting bougeois parties to gain power from within by small, instrumental steps
★ Quiet infiltration of trade unions, journalism and local government
★ Targetted individuals through harrassment and violence –> 1948, Anti-Soviet foreign minister in Czechoslovakia fell from a high window in Prague
