★ 1905 Revolution Flashcards
What were the causes of the 1905 revolution?
★ Working and living conditions of the cities
★ Political parties
★ Autocracy of Tsar Nicholas
★ Russo-Japanese War, humiliating defeats
★ Bloody Sunday (1905)
★ Unsteady food supplies and frequent famines
Why did Bloody Sunday happen?
★ In 1904, prices rose of essential goods rose quickly that caused real wages to decline by 20%
★ Father Georgi Gapon called for a strike at the Putilov Steel Works after 4 members were dismissed
★ 3rd January 1905, 13,000 workers from the Putilov Steel works on strike
★ 8th January 1905, over 110,000 workers on strike
What did Father Gapon want?
★ 8 Hour work days
★ Freedom to organise trade unions
★ Improved working conditions
★ Higher wages for women
★ Suffrage (Votes for Women)
★ Freedom of Speech
★ End war with Japan
What happened at Bloody Sunday?
★ Gapon took his petition with political and economic demands to the Tsar with a large procession of workers to help him deliver the petition
★ Guards began to machine gun them down
★ Killed 150, injured 200
What was the main humiliating defeat of the Russo-Japanese War?
★ The falling of Port Arthur to the Japanese in January 1905
What happened on the 4th February 1905?
★ Assassination of Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich, uncle of Tsar Nicholas II
What was the Potemkin Mutiny?
★ In June, 1905, sailors on the Potemkin battleship, protested against the serving of rotten meat. ★ The captain ordered that the ringleaders to be shot. The firing-squad refused to carry out the order and joined with the rest of the crew in throwing the officers overboard.
★ This was happening at the same time as peasants rioting in the countryside
What was the October Manifesto?
★ 30th October 1905: October Manifesto promised a Duma, civil rights and uncensored newspapers
★ Came after organised strike action by the St. Petersburg Soviet of Workers’ Deputies and Middle-Class Liberals demanding an elected parliament
Did the Duma work?
★ No, the 1905 revolution led to minimal change and the Duma was only ever seen as something to help advise the government
★ Duma was dismissed multiple times and didn’t bring power to the people
★ Tsar could ignore anything that the Duma said
