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Pharmacology > Renal & Urinary Drugs > Flashcards

Renal & Urinary Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Furosemide (Lasix, Salix)

A

-Loop diuretic (inhibit tubular reabsorption of Na)
-Rapid onset of action
-Promote excretion of Cl, K, & H2O
-Treats Hypercalcemia nephropathy, uremia
-Reduces edema associated with CHF

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2
Q

Mannitol 20%

A

-Osmotic diuretic (exert osmotic pressure in renal tubules to limit tubular reabsorption)
-Treat oliguric renal failure
-Reduces intraocular & intracranial pressure
-Reduces edema, Ascites

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3
Q

Glycerine

A

-Osmotic diuretic (exert osmotic pressure in renal tubules to limit tubular reabsorption)
-Treat oliguric renal failure
-Reduces intraocular & intracranial pressure
-Reduces edema, Ascites

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4
Q

Chlorothiazide (Diuril)

A

-Thiazide diuretic
-Inhibit reabsorption of Na, Cl, & H2O
-Longer duration of action than loop diuretics
-Treats nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, calcium oxalate uroliths, hypoglycemia, heart failure

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5
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDiuril)

A

-Thiazide diuretic
-Inhibit reabsorption of Na, Cl, & H2O
-Longer duration of action than loop diuretics
-Treats nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, calcium oxalate uroliths, hypoglycemia, heart failure

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6
Q

Spironolactone

A

-Potassium-sparing diuretic
-Aldosterone antagonist (enhances excretion of Na & H2O, but not K)
-Reduce edema

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7
Q

Triamterene

A

-Potassium-sparing diuretic
-Aldosterone antagonist (enhances excretion of Na & H2O, but not K)
-Reduce edema

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8
Q

Acetazolamide (Diamox)

A

-Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
-Incr UOP and excretion of solutes
-Reduce intraocular pressure (inhibits production of aqueous humor)
-Can treat metabolic acidosis

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9
Q

Dichlorphenamide (Daranide)

A

-Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
-Incr UOP and excretion of solutes
-Reduce intraocular pressure (inhibits production of aqueous humor)

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10
Q

Methazolamide

A

-Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
-Incr UOP and excretion of solutes
-Reduce intraocular pressure (inhibits production of aqueous humor)

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11
Q

Bethanechol (Urecholine)

A

-Cholinergic agent (direct-acting)
-Treats GI and urinary tract atony

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12
Q

Propantheline

A

-Anticholinergic agent
-Produce muscle relaxation
-Treat urinary incontinence by retaining urine

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13
Q

Butylhyoscine (Buscopan)

A

-Anticholinergic agent
-Produce muscle relaxation
-Treat urinary incontinence by retaining urine

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14
Q

Phenoxybenzamine (Dibenzyline)

A

-Alpha antagonist (relax smooth muscle, decr BP)
-Reduces sphincter tone to treat urinary retention

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15
Q

Nicergoline (Sermion)

A

-Alpha antagonist (relax smooth muscle, decr BP)
-Reduces sphincter tone to treat urinary retention

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16
Q

Prazosin (Minipress)

A

-Alpha antagonist (relax smooth muscle, decr BP)
-Reduces sphincter tone to treat urinary retention
-Reduces BP

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17
Q

Propranolol

A

-Beta antagonist
-Control hypertension associated with CKD

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18
Q

Benazepril (Lotensin, Fortekor)

A

-ACE inhibitor
-Treats hypertension in CKD, CHF, PLE

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19
Q

Captopril (Capoten)

A

-ACE inhibitor
-Treats hypertension in CKD, CHF, PLE

20
Q

Enalapril (Enacard)

A

-ACE inhibitor
-Treats hypertension in CKD, CHF, PLE

21
Q

Lisinopril

A

-ACE inhibitor
-Treats hypertension in CKD, CHF, PLE

22
Q

Ramipril

A

-ACE inhibitor
-Treats hypertension in CKD, CHF, PLE

23
Q

Hydralazine (Apresoline)

A

-Vasodilator
-Treats nonresponding hypertension

24
Q

Dopamine (Intropin)

A

-Vasodilator
-Treats nonresponding hypertension
-Promotes diuresis

25
Q

Diltiazem (Cardizem)

A

-Calcium channel blocker
-Treats nonresponding hypertension

26
Q

Verapamil (Isoptin)

A

-Calcium channel blocker
-Treats nonresponding hypertension

27
Q

Amlodipine (Norvasc)

A

-Calcium channel blocker
-Treats nonresponding hypertension

28
Q

Vasopressin (Pitressin)

A

-Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
-Treats diabetes insipidus

29
Q

Methionine (Methigel)

A

-Urinary acidifier (produce uric acid)
-Dissolves and prevents structure uroliths

Side-effects:
-GI upset

30
Q

Ammonium chloride (Uroeze)

A

-Urinary acidifier (produce uric acid)
-Dissolves and prevents structure uroliths

Side-effects:
-GI upset

31
Q

Allopurinol (Zyloprim)

A

-Xanthine oxidase inhibitor
-Decr production of iron acid
-Dissolve ammonium acid irate uroliths

32
Q

Potassium citrate (Urocit-K)

A

-Urinary alkalizer
-Management of ammonium acid irate, calcium oxalate, and cystine urolithiasis

33
Q

Sodium bicarbonate

A

-Urinary alkalizer
-Management of ammonium acid irate, calcium oxalate, and cystine urolithiasis

Side-effects:
-Electrolyte imbalances

34
Q

Tiopronin (Thiola)

A

-Urinary alkalizer
-Management of ammonium acid irate, calcium oxalate, and cystine urolithiasis

35
Q

Baclofen (Lioresal)

A

-Muscle relaxer for urinary retention in dogs (do NOT give to cats!)

Side-effects:
-Sedation
-Weakness
-Pruritis
-Salivation
-GI upset

36
Q

Ephedrine sulfate

A

-Adrenergic agonist
-Treats urinary incontinence

37
Q

Estradiol/Estriol (Incurin)

A

-Short-acting estrogen drugs
-Treat urinary incontinence in spayed dogs

38
Q

Flavoxate HCl (Urispas)

A

-Treats hyperactive bladder and urge incontinence

Side-effects:
-Weakness

39
Q

Imipramine (Tofranil)

A

-Tricyclic antidepressant
-Treats urinary incontinence

Side-effects:
-Tachycardia
-Hyperexcitability
-Tremors

40
Q

Diethylstilbestrol (DES)

A

-Synthetic estrogen hormone
-Treats urinary incontinence in spayed females

Side-effects:
-Bone marrow suppression

41
Q

Oxybutynin (Ditropan, Oxytrol)

A

-Genitourinary smooth muscle relaxant
-Treats urinary spasms

42
Q

Phenylpropanolamine (Prion)

A

-Adrenergic agonist
-Treats urethral sphincter hypotonus

43
Q

Phenazopyridine

A

-Urinary tract analgesic
-Should not be used in cats (causes methemoglobinemia and Heinz body anemia)

44
Q

Amitriptyline (Elavil)

A

-Tricyclic antidepressant
-Treats interstitial cystitis & FLUTD
-Has analgesic properties

Side-effects:
-Tachycardia
-Sedation
-Weight gain

45
Q

Pentosan polysulfate sodium (Elmiron)

A

-Glycosaminoglycan
-Reduces transitional cell injury
-Treats interstitial cystitis & FLUTD

Side-effects:
-Vomiting
-Anorexia
-Lethargy
-Bleeding

46
Q

Epakitin

A

-Nutritional supplement
-Reduces phosphorous levels in CKD

47
Q

Azodyl

A

-Nutritional supplement
-Reduces uremic toxins to prevent damage to kidneys

Pharmacology (7 decks)

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