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BIOE 210 > Renal System > Flashcards

Renal System Flashcards

1
Q

artery leading from the heart to the kidneys

A

Aorta

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1
Q

Vein leading from kidneys to the heart

A

Inferior vena cava

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2
Q

Glomerulus function

A

responsible for filtration to form urine

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3
Q

Bowman capsule

A

the first step of filtration of blood to form urine

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4
Q

Glomerulonephritis (infection of the walls of the glomerulus) causes GFR to

A

Decrease

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5
Q

Kidney stone causes

A

Bowman capsule pressure to rise, causing GFR to decrease

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6
Q

High high-protein diet causes

A

the osmotic pressure of the glomerulus to rise, decreasing GFR

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7
Q

Increase in arterial pressure causes

A

Increase in glomerular pressure, causing an increase in GFR

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8
Q

Increase in afferent arteriole diameter/ decrease in efferent arteriole diameter causes

A

increase in pressure causing GFR to decrease

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9
Q

Decrease in afferent arteriole diameter/ increase in efferent arteriole diameter causes

A

Decrease in pressure causing GFR to decrease

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10
Q

secretion of adrenaline/ noradrenaline causes

A

decrease of artery diameter, decrease in glomerular pressure, decrease in GFR

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11
Q

Increase in blood pressure causes

A

decreases artery diameter, causing decrease in GFR

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12
Q

3 processes of the kidneys

A

1) filtration (glomerulus)
2) Reabsorption (proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, glomerulus)
3) Secretion

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13
Q

1st step of reabsorption

A

proximal tubule

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14
Q

What is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule

A

70% of salts
99% of glucose

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15
Q

Hormones causing the increase of reabsorption

A

Angiotensin II
Aldosterone

16
Q

Hormones causing the decrease of reabsorption

A

Dopamine
Atrial Natiuretic peptide (ANP)

17
Q

2nd stage of reabsorption

A

Loop of Henle

18
Q

Descending limb of the Loop of Henle is only permeable to? the ascending limb?

A

Descending limb= H20
Ascending limb= not permeable to H2O

19
Q

Concentration as flow goes down in the descending limb

A

it increases (H2O leaves)

20
Q

Concentration as flow goes up in the ascending limb

A

it decreases ( NaCl leaves)

21
Q

3rd stage of reabsorption

A

Distal tubule (H2O reabsorption)

22
Q

Aquaporin function

A

absorb water

23
Q

Hormones secreted by macula densa

A

renin and angiotensin

24
Q

How does renin effect GFR

A

decreases it

25
Q

Angiotensinogen is synthesized by the

A

Liver

26
Q

What converts Angiotensinogen to angiotensin I and then to angiotensin II

A

Angiotensin convertive enzyme (ACE)

27
Q

What does angiotensin II activate

A

Directly activates aquaporins
Activates super renal gland (produces aldosterone)

28
Q

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) function

A
  • prevents urination
  • activates aquaporins
29
Q

ADH is synthesized by the

A

pituitary gland

30
Q

4th stage of reabsorption

A

collecting tubule

31
Q

collecting tubule function

A

collects final urine and sends to the bladder

BIOE 210 (12 decks)

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