Renal Summary

Question 1

How does the Kidney filter blood?

Answer 1

According to size and charge

Question 2

What is the Filtration barrier composed of?

Answer 2

Fenestrated cappilary endothelium
Fused basement membrane
epitherlial layer with podocytes

Question 3

At what level does glucose start to be in urine?

At what level are all glucose transporters saturated?

Answer 3

> 200mg/dl is when it starts to show

>375mg/dl is saturation level

Question 4

What is Absorbed at the Early Proximal Tubule?

Answer 4

All glucose

along with, Na, K, PO4, Cl, HCO3

Question 5

What is absorbed at the Thin decending loop?

Answer 5

Passivly absorbs water to increase concentration

Question 6

What is absorbed at the ascending loop?

Answer 6

Selectivly pulls accross Na, K, Cl to reduce concentration

Question 7

Where does ADH act?

Answer 7

Collecting tubule

Question 8

Where does the following act and actions:
ADH
AT
PTH
Aldosterone
ADH (vasopressin)

Answer 8

ADH = Collecting tubule and pulls H2O accross into blood
AT= Acts of the efferent Arteriole to constrict and increase GFR
ADH= Works on the Distal to pull across Ca and Proximal for PO4
Aldosterone = works on the collecting duct to pull across Na, Cl, K

Question 9

Hypo and Hyper effects
Na
Ca
K

Answer 9

Na = neusea, Coma
Ca = Tetany, Stones
K = Arrythmias, Arrythmias

Question 10

Largest fluid compartments

Answer 10

Intracellular = 60% of total body fluid