renal structure and function Flashcards
1
Q
What colour and shape are the kidneys?
A
It is a reddish colour and a bean shape
2
Q
- How much does each kidney weigh?
A
134 grams
3
Q
Where does each kidney lie?
A
They are lying on either side of the vertebral column between the levels of the 12th thoracic and third lumbar vertebrae (T12 and L3)
4
Q
What does lack of blood supply lead to in the kidney?
A
kidney shrinkage
5
Q
Between what levels are the kidneys found?
A
T12 and L3
6
Q
Outside which membrane are the kidneys found?
A
outside the peritoneum
7
Q
- Which kidney is slightly inferior (lower) and why?
A
right kidney to accommodate for the Liver.
8
Q
- What two types of pole are found in each kidney?
A
superiorandinferior pole
9
Q
- What shape is the lateral surface of the kidney?
A
convex
10
Q
- What shape is the medial surface of the kidney?
A
concave
11
Q
- What is the vertical cleft of the kidney called?
A
the renal hilus
12
Q
- Where does the renal hinus lead to?
A
the renal sinus
13
Q
- What gland can be located on top of the kidney?
A
suprarenal glandor theadrenal gland
14
Q
- What is the general main function of the kidneys ?
A
To filter the blood
15
Q
- What is are the 4 homeostatic functions of the kidney?
A
- Maintains body water balance
- Regulates quantity & concentration of ECF ions
- Maintains plasma volume & osmolarity
- Assists in acid-base balance
16
Q
- What are the excretory functions of the kidneys?
A
- Excretes end-products of body metabolism
- Urea (protein), creatinine (muscle), uric acid (DNA & RNA), bilirubin (haemoglobin)
- Excretes foreign compounds