Renal replacement therapy

Question 1

when is dialysis started

Answer 1

GFR <20

Question 2

diet restriction on dialysis

Answer 2

fluids <1l
salt (bc water follows salt)
potassium
phosphate

Question 3

by which mechanism does haemodialysis work

Answer 3

diffusion of toxins (K, Ur, Na) out of blood and diffusion of nutrients (HCO3) into blood

Question 4

how long before dialysis does a fistula need to be made

Answer 4

6 weeks

Question 5

what is a fistula

Answer 5

joining of artery and vein = larger vein (from pressure of artery) = good fistula

Question 6

what is used to filter fluid in peritoneal dialysis

Answer 6

peritoneal membrane

Question 7

how long do peritoneal membranes tend to be able to give peritoneal dialysis for

Answer 7

4/5 years then they thicken

Question 8

what is given alongside a kidney transplant

Answer 8

steroids for immunosuppression

Question 9

infected kidney transplant 4 weeks to 6 months after transplant

Answer 9

CMV (cytomegalovirus) disease

Question 10

infected kidney transplant >6 months after transplant

Answer 10

post transplant lymphoproliferative disease (Epstein barr virus EBV)