PHARMACOLOGY Flashcards
which type of diuretic enters the kidney tubules by OATs (organic anion transporters) (2)
thiazide diuretics
loop diuretics
which type of diuretic enters the kidney tubules by OCTs (organic cation transporters) (1)
K sparing diuretics
think oCt = K
which membrane do all diuretics work on
apical membrane
how do all diuretics decrease body fluid
decrease Na reabsorption = decrease water reabsorption (bc water follows salt)
how does CHF cause oedema
CHF = decreased CO = renal hypoperfusion = activation of RAAS = increase in water and Na = water moves into interstitial fluid = oedema
where do loop diuretics work
what do they block
apical membrane of ascending limb of loop of henle
Na/K/2Cl triple cotransporter
loop diuretic example
furosemide
side effects of loop diuretics (7)
hypokalaemia hyponatraemia hypocalcaemia hypomagnesium hyperuricaemia hypovolaemia metabolic acidosis
apart from Na, K and Cl, what else does a loop diuretic increase the excretion of (2)
Mg and Ca
what might you need to give someone thats on a loop diuretic to prevent them getting muscle weakness etc etc
K supplements
or switch to K sparing diuretic
what else is transported by OATs that wont be able to be transported into tubule if you are using a loop diuretic
what does this cause
urea
hyperuricaemia
thiazide diuretic example
bendroflumethiazide
end in thiazide
where do thiazide diuretics work
what do they block
what does this result in
early distal convoluted tubule
Na/Cl transporter
decreased Na reabsorption = increased K secretion (bc of transporter)
what else is transported by OATs that wont be able to be transported into tubule if you are using a thiazide diuretic
what does this cause
urea
hyperuricaemia
side effects of thiazide diuretics
hypokalaemia hyponatraemia hypomagnesium hyperuricaemia metabolic acidosis hypovolaemia
