Renal recap

Question 1

RTA type 1:

Answer 1

caused by SLE/RA/Sjogren’s + idiopathic

Distal tubule can’t excrete H+, leads to hypokalaemia

Complications include nephrocalcinosis and stones

Question 2

RTA type 2:

Answer 2

caused by Wilson’s disaese, Fanconi syndrome, acetazolamide etc + idiopathic

Proximal tubule can’t reabsorb bicarb, leads to hypokalaemia

Complications include osteomalacia

Question 3

RTA type 4:

Answer 3

Reduced aldosterone production leads to reduced secretion of ammonia in the PCT, leading to hyperkalaemia.

Causes include hypoaldosteronism and diabetes.

Question 4

What metabolic derangement does all RTA cause?

Answer 4

NAGMA