Renal: Potassium

Question 1

how much potassium goes through the kidney in a day

Question 2

where is most potassium found

Question 3

how much potassium is excreted in urine

Question 4

where do you get potassium from

Question 5

how much potassium is found in ecf

Question 6

how much potassium is found in icf

Question 7

why is most k found in icf`

Question 8

how does cell interior stay negative? why does this happen?

Question 9

what determines cell transmembrane potential gradient? what does this mean?

Question 10

why is resting membrane potential important?

Question 11

how does the b2 catecholamine receptor promote cell k uptake? describe this process

Question 12

how does insulin promote cell k uptake?

Question 13

what are two methods for k uptake?

Question 14

how does metabolic acidosis impact k balance? pathway explain

Question 15

why does hypokalemia occur

Question 16

why does hyperkalemia occur

Question 17

when is the cell hyperpolarized

Question 18

when is the cell hypopolarized

Question 19

what happens to muscles and heart rate with hypokalemia

Question 20

what happens to muscle and heart with hyperkalemia

Question 21

why can hyperkalemia lead to asystole

Question 22

what happens when you ingest a high potassium meal

Question 23

why is eating glucose with high amounts of potassium important

Question 24

what happens wrt potassium when you exercise

Question 25

how does potassium impact blood flow

Question 26

what role does adreniline play wrt potassium distribution

Question 27

where is the nephron is potassium reabsorbed

Question 28

which sodium hydrogen transporter is most important in the
PT

Question 29

how does potassium get transported across the PT

Question 30

what is solvent drag

Question 31

what is paracellular diffusion

Question 32

how is potassium absorbed in the TAL

Question 33

how much potassium is in the fluid leaving the TAL

Question 34

how does potassium go across the TAL

Question 35

where is all of the potassium in urine secreted

Question 36

what is the transport protein in the CD

Question 37

what k channels are in the CD

Question 38

what lets k be secreted in the CD

Question 39

where is the principal cell? how is k secreted in ?

Question 40

where is the intercalated cell? how does is lead to k secretion?

Question 41

how does sodium delivery regulate potassium secretion>

Question 42

how do tubule flow rates regulate k secretion?

Question 43

how does lumen negativity regulate k secretion?

Question 44

how does aldosterone regulate k secretion?

Question 45

what stimulates vs inhibits aldosterone? why?

Question 46

how does aldosterone lead to k secretion

Question 47

what does aldosterone do to the collecting duct

Question 48

what happens in a state of low ecf volume? why?

Question 49

what happens in a state of ecf expansion? why?

Question 50

what is the pathway to excrete potassium after youve eaten

Question 51

how is potassium excreted when you are fasting