Renal Physiology Flashcards
What is the net filtration pressure on the arterial side of a capillary?
10 mmHg
What is the net filtration pressure on the venous side of a capillary?
- 8 mmHg
Hypernatremia
Increased Na concentration
Water loss, Na excess
Hyponatremia
Decreased Na concentration
Water excess, Na loss
Normal plasma Na concentration?
140 - 145 mmol/L
The brain cannot increase its volume by more than ___% without herniation.
10%
What happens to cells in hypotonic solution?
Cells swell
What happens to cells in hypertonic solution?
Cells shrink
Fluid percentages in each compartment.
Plasma: 3L
Interstitial fluid: 11 L
Intracellular fluid: 28 L
How many liters of water do the kidneys filter each day?
Filters 180.
Reabsorb 179
Secretes 1
Normal GFR
125 ml/min
Whats the net filtration pressure in the glomerulus?
10 mmHg
What do the afferent and efferent arterioles do in a hypertensive state?
The afferent constricts
The efferent dilates
How much cardiac output reaches the kidneys?
22%
Whoa
What will the afferent arteriole do in response to decreased GFR
Dilate
Increase GFR
Where do the kidneys sit relative to vertebrae?
T12 to L2
What cells is the PCT made of?
Epithelial cells with long microvilli
PCT absorbs about __% of filtrate.
65%
How many glomeruli does each kidney have?
1,000,000
Transport maximum
Some substances (glucose, amino acids, phosphate) have a maximum that can be absorbed. So if filtration exceeds reabsorption maximum … they will be excreted in the urine.
Can the thin descending loop of henle reabsorb water?
Yes.
Is the thick ascending loop permeable to water?
No.
Which part of the kidneys are the glomeruli in?
Cortex
What makes the DCT special?
It is subject to hormonal control
Aldosterone.
