Renal Physio Flashcards
Function of renal system
- Excretory function 2. Regulatory function 3. Endocrine functions 4. Metabolic function.
Determining kidney function
Createnine and usea but createnine is more accurate
Number of nephron in each kidney
1.1 million in each kidney and 2- 2.5 in both kidneys
Hormones of kidneys
- Erthypoitin 2. Refine 3. Prostaglandins.
Renin in the kidney is produced by which cells?
Justaglomerular apparatus
Cells that produced erythropoietin in kidney ?
Endothelial cells of peritubular capillaries of kidneys
Concentration of oxygen controls its secretion
Types of cans in justaglomesular apparatus
Polkinsin cells ( modified epithelial cells of afferent arteries )
Macula dens a ( modified nephron cells )
Metabolic function of kidney
- Converts inactive vitamin D into active form → pct cells → stimulated by parathyroid hormones
Vasculatura of
Kidney
Abdominal aorta → renal artery’s → anterior , and posterior venal artery → lobar artery → arcuate artery →
Lobular artery → afferent arterioles → glomerulus → efferent arterioles → peritubular capillaries → veins
Veins are same as arteries and goes to inferior vena cava
Tissue in between the glomerular capillaries?
Mesengium or mesengial cells
Efferent arterioles of cortical nephron and justamedullary nephron →branches
Efferent arterioles of justamedullary nephron → vasa recta
Efferent arteries of cortical nephron → peritubulan capillaries
% Of cortical and justamedullasy nephrons
90% cortical and 10- 15% justamedullary
Cortical → glomerulus in cortex
Justamedullary→ glomerulus near corticomedunary junction
Amount of blood flow through kidneys each minute?
20 - 25 % of cardiac output
That is 1L ( card output is 5L / minute )
How much plasma is filtered each minute in all the glomerulus?
120 ml of plasma is filtered each minute in on the glomeruli of kidneys together
Total glomerular filterate per minute of both kidneys?
120 ml and 60 mi per kidney
% Of absorption through tubules of nephron?
65% through pct
15% through descending tube of loop of Henle
15% through dct
2 - 3% through collecting duct ( by aldosterone and ADH )
Amount of wine produced by both kidneys together per min?
1 ml /min
Amount of urine per day?
1440 ml or about half later per day
Normal range of urine output per day?
500 - 3500 ml / day
Diseases of more or less mine production ?
Less than 500 ml → oligouria
More than 3500 ml → polyuria
How much metabolic waste can kidney dissolve in 1 L of mine?
1200 mmol of metabolic waste can be dissolved into 1l of urine
Normal person produces 600 m mol of metabolic waste per day so half later of urine is required to dissolve it but it a person is producing 250 ml of wine or less than 500 ml the metabolic waste will start accumulating in our bodies.
What is azotemia?
When blood chemistry is altered due to accumulation of urea and creatinine as a result of impaired function of kidney but there are no signs and symptoms of kidney failure
What is azotemia + signs and symptoms of kidney failure called?
Uremia
Structure present in glomerulus?
- Glomerular capillary tuft
- Bowman’s capsule ( double layered → visceral and parietal epithelial cells)
- Mesengium
