Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

604 Physiology > Renal Phys 2 > Flashcards

Renal Phys 2 Flashcards

1
Q

How many nephrons in the human kidney?

A

1,000,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How many nephrons in cat kidney?

A

200,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How many nephrons in dog kidney?

A

500,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Do pigs and cattle have more or less nephrons than a human?

A

more

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Fractional Excretion Equation

A

excretion load divided by filtered load, times 100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is better - low or high fractional excretion?

A

low - this means the tubules are working well

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Cause of Proteinuria or Hypoproteinemia?

A

glomerular injury or disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Normal BUN/Creatinine Ratio

A

20

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

BUN/Creatinine less than normal?

A

acute renal disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

BUN/Creatinine higher than normal?

A

pre-renal disease (BUN increases faster than creatinine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Clearance Equation

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Freely Filtered

A

concentration in the Bowman’s space equals the concentration in the plasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

clearance

A

relationship between amt of substance delivered in the kidney to the amount of substance excreted in the urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Why is muscle mass important when considering creatinine levels?

A

creatinine is a breakdown product of muscle, and so animals with higher muscle mass will have higher serum creatinine

ex: 1.4 could be normal for healthy muscular dog but indicate renal problems in an old muscle wasted dog

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

By what percent does creatinine clearance overestimate GFR?

A

10%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Do you find inulin in animals?

A

no, it is a plant polysaccharide - has to be infused in order to test flow rate

17
Q

Relationship between GFR and serum creatinine?

A

inverse (as GFR decreases blood creatinine increases)

18
Q

Creatinine Levels and Diagnosing Renal Disease

A

very small changes in creatinine with big decreases in GR, means not great at detecting early kidney disease because the change is so subtle

19
Q

Normal serum creatinine in dogs? cats?

A

Dogs = 1.4 mg/dL or less
Cats = 1.6 mg/dL or less

20
Q

Azotemia

A

elevation of BUN

21
Q

BUN

A

blood urea nitrogen

22
Q

Para-aminohippurate (PAH)

A

used to measure RPF (renal plasma flow) because it is completely removed from blood in the kidneys so its clearance is equal to RPF

23
Q

Equation for Effective RPF

A

concentration of PAH

24
Q

What percent of renal blood flow (RBF) does not supply the glomeruli?

A

10% (supplies the fat and nerve cells of the kidney)

25
Q

Equation for True RPF

A

effective RPF divided by 0.9

26
Q

Equation for RBF (Renal Fraction)

A
27
Q

Clearance Ratio

A

CR = 1, substance is being filtered (ex: creatinine, inulin)
CR < 1, substance is reabsorbed (ex: urea, AAs, bicarbonate)
CR > 1, substance is secreted (ex: PAH)

604 Physiology (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions