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Renal Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

Postinfectious Glomerulonephritis/ Acute proliferative glomerulonephritis

Nephrotic of nephritic

A

Nephritic

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2
Q

Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis

Nephritic or Nephrotic

A

Nephrotic

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3
Q

Postinfectious Glomerulonephritis/ Acute proliferative glomerulonephritis

Presentation

A

1-4 weeks post strep skin or pharynx infxn. Usually kids

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4
Q

Postinfectious Glomerulonephritis/ Acute proliferative glomerulonephritis

EM

A

HUMPS

Epithelial side of basement membrane (subepithelial)

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5
Q

Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis

Pathogenesis

A

Visceral epithelial damage

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6
Q

Membranous Glomerulonephropathy

Immunofluorescence

A

Granular IgG and C3

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7
Q

RPGN Type I
Goodpasture Syndrome

Pathogenesis

A

Ruptures in GBM

Immunologically mediated

Anti-GBM Abs

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8
Q

Henoch-Schoenlein Purpura

Symptoms (not skin and gi)

A

Non migratory arthralgia, hematuria, nephritic or nephrotic syndrome

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9
Q

Dense-deposit disease (MPGN) Type II

1st or 2nd degree?

A

1st degree only

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10
Q

Diabetic Nephropathy

Clinical presentation (most common syndromes)

A

Non-Nephrotic proteinuria

Nephrotic syndrome

Chronic renal failure

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11
Q

Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) Type I

LM

A

Proliferation of mesangial cells and capillary endothelium

Glomerular capillary wall has a TRAM-TRACK appearance

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12
Q

RPGN Type II

Pathogenesis

A

Ruptures in GBM

Immunologically mediated

Immune Complex deposition

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13
Q

Dense-deposit disease (MPGN) Type II

Nephritic or Nephrotic

A

Nephrotic

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14
Q

IgA Nephropathy

Pathogenesis

A

Genetic or acquired abnormality of immune regulation

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15
Q

IgA Nephropathy

EM

A

Dense deposits in mesangium

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16
Q

Diabetic Nephropathy

Hemodynamic changes associated with:

A

Glomerular hypertrophy

Inc glomerular filtration area

Inc GFR

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17
Q

Diabetic Nephropathy

Morphology

A

Capillary basement membrane thickening

Diffuse mesangial sclerosis

Diffuse glomerulosclerosis

Nodular glomerulosclerosis

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18
Q

Henoch-Schoenlein Purpura

Skin presentation

A

Purpuric lesions on extensor surfaces of arms and lugs, buttocks

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19
Q

Membranous Glomerulonephropathy

Presentation

A

Adults, idiopathic

May appear nephritic

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20
Q

RPGN Type I
Goodpasture Syndrome

Immunofluoresent

A

Linear GBM

Ig and complement

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21
Q

Henoch-Schoenlein Purpura

Disease course

A

Hematuria may recur for years

Excellent prognosis in children

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22
Q

Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) Type I

Nephritic or Nephrotic

A

Nephrotic

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23
Q

Dense-deposit disease (MPGN) Type II

LM

A

Proliferation of mesangial cells and capillary endothelium

Glomerular capillary wall has a TRAM-TRACK appearance

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24
Q

Henoch-Schoenlein Purpura

Vasculitis occurs in what organs?

A

GI tract etc. but NOT kidney

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25
Dense-deposit disease (MPGN) Type II Immunofluorescence
C3 NO IgG or C1q or C4
26
Henoch-Schoenlein Purpura Pathogenesis
IgA deposited in glomerular mesangium (IgA nephropathy in younger kids)
27
RPGN Type I Goodpasture Syndrome EM
Ruptures in GBM
28
Postinfectious Glomerulonephritis/ Acute proliferative glomerulonephritis Immunofluorescent microscopy
Granular deposits of IgG, IgM, C3 in mesangium and along GBM
29
RPGN Type III Pauci-immune Presentation
Hematuria, casts, htn, edema, proteinuria
30
RPGN Type III Pauci-immune EM
Ruptures in GBM
31
Diabetic Nephropathy Pathogenesis
Hyperglycemia resulting from insulin deficiency and/or glucose intolerance cause alterations in GBM VASCULATURE IS PROBLEM Nonenzymatic glycosylation of proteins=hyperglycemia
32
Minimal-change disease Immunofluorescence
NO Ig or complement deposits
33
Alport Syndrome Presentation
Hematuria with progression to chronic renal failure Nerve deafness Eye disorders Red cell casts
34
Membranous Glomerulonephropathy Pathogenesis
Immune-complex mediated
35
Membranous Glomerulonephropathy EM
Deposits between GBM and epithelial cells SPIKES AND DOMES
36
IgA Nephropathy Presentation
Hematuria
37
Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis EM
Effacement of foot processes Detachment of epithelial cells and denudation of GBM
38
Minimal-change disease Nephritic or Nephrotic
Nephrotic
39
Postinfectious Glomerulonephritis/ Acute proliferative glomerulonephritis Light microscopy
Proliferation, neutrophil and monocytes infiltration, endothelial and masangial cells
40
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) Type I 1st or 2nd degree?
Both
41
Henoch-Schoenlein Purpura IF
Deposition of IgA (maybe IgG and C3 as well) in mesangial region
42
Minimal-change disease EM
Effacement of foot processes
43
RPGN Type II Immunofluorescent
Granular immune deposits
44
Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis Presentation
Poor response to corticosteroid tx
45
Henoch-Schoenlein Purpura Tx
Monitor, supportive
46
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) Type I Immunofluorescence
C3 deposited in granular pattern IgG, C1q, and C4
47
Alport Syndrome Pathogenesis
Abnormal a3,a4, or a5 chains of collagen IV Defective assembly of collagen IV
48
Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis Immunofluorescence
IgM and C3 in sclerotic areas
49
Minimal-change disease MC...
Cause of nephrotic syndrome in children
50
Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis LM
Sclerosing (focal) Affected glomerulus (segmental) Affected capillary loops collapse Hyalinosis
51
Membranous Glomerulonephropathy LM
Diffuse thickening of glomerular capillary wall
52
RPGN Type I Goodpasture Syndrome Nephritic or Nephrotic
Nephritic
53
Dense-deposit disease (MPGN) Type II Pathogenesis
Activation of alternative complement pathway
54
Minimal-change disease Presentation
Respond rapidly to corticosteroid tx Selective proteinuria
55
Postinfectious Glomerulonephritis/ Acute proliferative glomerulonephritis Pathogenesis
Immune-complex mediated
56
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) Type I Presentation
Children and young adults
57
RPGN Type I Goodpasture Syndrome Light Microscopy
CRESCENTS
58
Alport Syndrome EM
Early lesion: GBM thinning Fully developed disease: GBM alternating thick and thin Splitting and layering of lamina densa
59
Minimal-change disease Pathogenesis
Thought to be immunologically mediated, but no proof
60
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) Type I EM
Subendothelial electron-dense deposits
61
Minimal-change disease LM
NO CHANGE
62
RPGN Type III Pauci-immune Immunofluorescence
Little or no deposition
63
Henoch-Schoenlein Purpura Skin lesion morphology
Subepidermal hemorrhages Necrotizing vasculitis of dermis small vessels IgA deposits in walls of small vessels
64
IgA Nephropathy LM
Mesangial deposition of IgA C3, IgG, IgM often
65
Henoch-Schoenlein Purpura Commonly seen after?
Upper respiratory infxn
66
RPGN Type II LM
CRESCENTS
67
Diabetic Nephropathy Slowed by
Diabetic control and angiotensin inhibition
68
IgA Nephropathy Disease Association
Berger disease
69
Henoch-Schoenlein Purpura LM
Mesangial proliferation, focal or diffuse Endocapillary to Cresectic glomerulonephritis
70
Dense-deposit disease (MPGN) Type II Presentation
Children and young adults
71
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) Type I Pathogenesis
Immune complexes Activation of classical and alternative complement pathways
72
Henoch-Schoenlein Purpura GI presentation
Abdominal pain, vomiting, intestinal bleeding
73
RPGN Type III Pauci-immune Nephritic or Nephrotic
Nephritic
74
RPGN Type II EM
Ruptures in GBM
75
RPGN Type III Pauci-immune LM
CRESCENTS
76
RPGN Type III Pauci-immune Pathogenesis
Ruptures in GBM Immunologically mediated NO anti-GBM or immune complexes
77
Dense-deposit disease (MPGN) Type II EM
Dense material into GBM "Ribbon-like"
78
Membranous Glomerulonephropathy Nephritic or Nephrotic
Nephrotic
79
RPGN Type II Presentation
Hematuria, casts, htn, edema, proteinuria
80
RPGN Type I Goodpasture Syndrome Presentation
Hemoptysis=Goodpastures Hematuria, casts, hypertension, edema, proteinuria
81
RPGN Type II Nephritic or Nephrotic
Nephritic
82
Henoch-Schoenlein Purpura Epidemiology
Children 3-8

Renal disease (6 decks)

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