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Renal > Renal Pathology 3 > Flashcards

Renal Pathology 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common type of GloNeph Worldwide?

A

IgA Nephropathy

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2
Q

What is seen on micro in IgA Neph?

A

LM: Mesangial Proliferation
IF: Mesangial IgA
EM: Mesangial deposits

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3
Q

What is Alport Syndrome?

A 
Defect of GBM due to mutation of gene for a5 chain ofCollagen TIV X-Dominant: In males, Fe carry
Sensoneural Deafness
Microscopic Hematuria
Progresses to Renal Failure
Proteinuria on progression
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4
Q

What is seen on micro in Thin GBM disease?

A

LM: Normal
IF: Normal
EM: thin GBM

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5
Q

What is seen in Lupus Nephritis?

A

Granular immune complex deposit of IgG, IgA, IgM, C3, C4

ONLY GM Disease with ALL Ig Deposition

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6
Q

How does diabetic Nephropathy present?

A

Proteinuria, nephrotic synd, chronic Renal failure

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7
Q

What is seen in Amyloidosis in the Kidneys?

A

Amyloid gets trapped in: Glomeruli, BV, Tubules

GBM becomes leaky to proteins => Nephrotic Synd

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8
Q

What are the 2 types of Acute Tubular Necrosis?

A

Ischemic

NephroTOXIC

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9
Q

What are the causes of NephroTOXIC Acute tubular Necrosis?

A 
Dr: Aminoglycosides, Ampho B, Gentamycin
Mercury
Carbon Tetrachloride
Radiocontrast dyes
Myoglobin in Rhabdomyolysis
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10
Q

What drugs cause drug induced HSR?

A

Synthetic Penicillins
Rifampin
Ibuprofen
Thiazide Diuretics

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11
Q

What is presentation of Drug induced HSR?

A

2 weeks later: Fever, eosinophelia, rash, and acute renal failure

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12
Q

What is Ascending Pyelonephritis?

A

Ascending from Reflux or Obstruction
Hematogenous
Acute: Neutrophils
Chronic: Lymphocytes, scars

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13
Q

What causes Acute Pyelonephritis?

A

Infections of the pelvicalyceal system and renal parenchyma

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14
Q

How is acute pyelonephritis diagnosed?

A

WBC (neutrophil)casts, Urine culture

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15
Q

What is the presetaion of Acute Pyelonephritis?

A

Pain in the Costo-vertebral angle +other signs of infection

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16
Q

What is Charicteristic of Chronic Pyelonephritis?

A

Insidious or Recurrent acute
Gradual loss of Renal function
Leads to Scarred Kidney w/ chronic Inflammation

17
Q

What is Thyroidization in Chronic Pyelonephritis?

A

Dilated Tubules with intraluminal eosin staining proteinaceous material

18
Q

Where is a papillary adenoma usually found?

A

ALWAYS in the CORTEX

19
Q

What disease is Tuberous Sclerosis associated with?

A

Tuberous Sclerosis

20
Q

What is the gross appearance of Papillary adenoma?

A

Pale Yelow, well circumscribed nodules

21
Q

What is an Angio-myo-lipoma?

A

Thick walled vessels
Smooth muscle
Fat

22
Q

What are the risk factors of Renal Cell Carcinoma?

A 
TOBACCO
Chronic Renal Failure and ACQUIRED CYSTIC RENAL DISEASE
Obesity
HTN
Unopposed estrogen therapy
Asbestos
Heavy metals
23
Q

What are the symptoms of Renal Cell CA?

A 
Hematuria 50-60%
Abdominal Mass (25-40%)
Flank pain
HTN
Weight loss
Fever
24
Q

What structure is INVADED by RCC?

A

RENAL VEIN!!!

25
Q

What is Clear Cell RCC?

A

Loss of tumor supressor gene VHL

26
Q

What is Papillary RCC?

A

Activation of Pro-oncogene MET

27
Q

What is Chromophobe RCC?

A

Loss of multiple chromosomes resulting in hypodiploidy

Best prognosis among Clear and Papillary

28
Q

What is the Gross Appearance of Clear Cell RCC?

A

Solitary Unilateral Lesion
Yellow-Orange
Margins sharply defined
Grey-White necrosis and hemorrhagic Discoloration

29
Q

What is the microscopic appearance of Clear Cell RCC?

A

Tumor cells have a rounded or polygonal shape
Clear or granular Cytoplasm
Abundant Capillaries

30
Q

What is seen on micro of Chromophil (Papillary) RCC?

A

Papillary structures that enclose clusters of foamy macrophages
Eosinophilic cytoplasm atypical nuclei
Sparse Macrophages

31
Q

What is the difference between Clear Cell RCC and Papillary RCC?

A

CCRCC: Abundant clear Cytoplasm + Abundant Capillaries
PapRCC: Eosinophilc pink cytoplam
Sparse Capillaries

32
Q

What syndrome is associated with increased RCC?

A

Von Hippel Lindau Syndrome

33
Q

What is the Most common malignancy of Ealry childhood 2-4yo?

A

Wilms tumor

34
Q

What causes Wilms tumor?

A

LOF mutation of tumor supressor genes WT1 or WT2 on Chr 11

35
Q

What is the presentation of Wilms Tumor?

A

Huge, palpable flank mass, and Hematuria

36
Q

What is the key lesion in ALport syndrome?

A

Basket weave lesion

37
Q

What is the Stain and appearance of Amyloidosis in the kidney?

A

Congo Red

Apple green birefringence

Renal (21 decks)

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