Renal Pathology Flashcards
Renal normal function?
1- Excretion of nitrogenous base
2- Erythropoietin secretion
3- Formation of active form of VIT-D(Calcitriol)
4- Acid base balance
Erythropoietin secreted by?
Peritubular capillary cell.
Renin secreted by?
JG cell
What is normal GFR?
125ml/m
Any type of renal disease lead to?
Increased BLOOD UREA NITROGEN and SERUM CREATININE
What Is Azotemia?
Increase Nitrogen in body, Creatinine, and related to decrease GFR.
Uraemia?
Azotemia with clinical symptoms
Which of portion of kidney is at high risk of ischemic damage?
Medulla because it receives less blood supply then cortex
Renal demographic from anterior to posterior
Anterior- Renal vein
Middle- Renal artery
Posterior- Pelvis
Types of Azotemia?
1- Pre Renal Azotemia: When hypo-perfusion of the kidney like in hypotension or excessive fluid loss , shock, CHF
2- Post Renal Azotemia: Urine flow obstructed to distal of kidney
Nephritic Syndrome?
Grossly visible hematuria or microscopic hematuria with dysmorphic RED Cell and red cell cast, decrease GFR, mild to moderate proteinuria and hypertension
Glomerular disorders characterized by glomerular inflammation and bleeding
- Limited proteinuria (< 3.5 g/day)
- Oliguria and azotemia
- Salt retention with periorbital edema and hypertension
- RBC casts and dysmorphic RBCs in urine
Nephrotic syndrome?
Heavy proteinuria[>3.5gm/d], hypoalbuminemia, severe edema, hyperlipidemia and lipiduria.
Types of nephritic syndromes?
1- Acute proliferative(poststreptococca) glomenulonephritis
2- post streptococcal GN
3- Non streptococcal Acute GN(Postinfectious)
4- Rapidly progressive GN( Crescentric)
What is Acute Proliferative (Poststreptococcal, Postinfectious) Glomerulonephritis?
Cluster of diseases which is diffuse proliferation of glomerular cell + Leukocytes influx(exudation)
CAUSED BY IMMUNE COMPLEXES
What is post streptococcal GN?
Etiology?
Glomerular disease which caused by immune complex deposition.
Poststreptococcal GN is caused by immune complexes containing streptococcal(A beta streptococcus) antigens and specific antibodies, which are formed in situ.