renal path Flashcards

1
Q

azotemia

A

> elevation of BUN and creatinine

> usually related to decreased GFR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

prerenal azotemia

A

> hypoperfusion of kidneys

> decreased renal function without parencymal damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

post renal azotemia

A

> whenver urin flow is obstructed beyond the level of the kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

cause of most glomerular diseases

A

> autoimmune dysfunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

cause of tubular and interstitial renal diseases

A

> toxic or infectious agents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

3 categories of dysfunction that cause uremia

A

> renal excretion failure
metabolic dysfunction
endocrine dysfunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

nephritic syndrome
>where is disease
>what are symptoms

A

glomerular problem
> hematuria
> proteinuria
> HTN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis =

A

> nephritic syndrome with rapid decline in GFR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

nephrotic syndrome
>where is disease
>what are symptoms

A
glomerular problem
> heavy proteinuria
> hypoalbuminemia
> edema
> hyperlipidemia
> lipiduria
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

signs of acute renal failure

A

> oligouria or anuria
recent onset of azotemia
( from injury to any part of the kidney )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

signs of chronic renal failure

A

> signs and prolonged symptoms of uremia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

possible symptoms of renal tubular defects

A

> polyuria
nocuria
electrolyte imbalances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

pyelonephritis =

A

infection of the kidney (UTI)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

cystitis =

A

infection of the bladder (UTI)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

pyuria =

A

leukocytes in the urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

renal colic=

A

> severe spasms of pain

> often associated with nephrolithiasis

17
Q

4 stages of chronic renal failure

A

> diminished renal reserve
renal insufficiency
chronic renal failure
end-stage renal disease

18
Q

Signs and symptoms of…

diminished renal reserve

A

GFR 50%
> asymptomatic
> normal BUN / creatinine

19
Q

Signs and symptoms of …

renal insufficiency

A
GFR 20-50%
> azotemia appears
> HTN appears
> maybe polyuria, nocturia from inability to concentrate
> chemical stress can induce uremia
20
Q

Signs and symptoms of …

chronic renal failure

A
GFR  edema
> uremia
> metabolic acidosis
> hyperkalemia
> neuro, cardiac, GI complications
21
Q

Signs and symptoms of …

end-stage renal disease

A

GFR bad

22
Q

difference between glomerulonephritis and glomerulopathy

A
  • opathy lacks a cellular inflammatory component
23
Q

hyalinosis of the glomerulus
> what is it?
> locale?
> feature of?

A

accumulation of eosinophilic plasma proteins
> insudated into the glomerular structures
> endothelial/capillary wall damage

24
Q

sclerosis of the glomerulus
> what is it?
> locale?
> feature of?

A

accumulation of collagenous matrix
> confined to mesangial areas (DM) and/or in capillary loops
> malignant HTN??

25
Q

diffuse glomerulopathy=

A

> involves all glomeruli

26
Q

global glomerulopathy=

A

> involves the entire glomerulus

27
Q

focal glomerulopathy=

A

> involves only a portion of the glomeruli

28
Q

segmental glomerulopathy=

A

> affects a part of each glomerulus