Renal/GU Flashcards
what is a patent urachus?
a urinary connection from the bladder to the umbilical cord
Where does ADH act on kidney?
acts on late distal tubule, as well as cortical and medullary collecting ducts.
Whey to Caesin Ratio of following:
Colostrum
Mature Milk
Casein Formulas
Whey Formulas
Colostrum 80:20
Mature milk 55:45
Casein formulas 20:80
Whey formula 80:20
Why are newborns predisposed to Vitamin K deficiency?
lack of GI microorganisms that synthesize Vitamin K
immature newborn liver
some maternal medications
(some breastfed infants have lower vitamin k, than cow milk formula)
Why do amino acid solutions have decreased tyrosine and cysteine?
because they both have decreased solubility
Why is CHO requirement higher in preterm infant?
increased brain-to-body weight ratio, decreased fat stores, increased total enery requirements
what medical management is necssary for myelomeningocele for gu pathology?
intermittent bladder catheterization
When do you do ultrasound and karyotyping for hypospadias?
when it is complex (no descended testes), or if it is posterior hypospadias?
ADH is synthesized how early in fetus?
11 weeks
AKI more common in oliguric, or non-oliguric patients?
non-oliguric
Angiotensin II acts on what to stimulate release of Aldosterone?
on the adrenal cortex
Are renin levels increased or decreased in fetus?
decreased
Bigger increase in stones in RTA 1 or 2?
in Type 1
increased CA excretion due to bone mobilization due to attempts at buffering
Difference between UPJ and UVJ obstruction?
do not have dilated ureter in UPJ obstruction
Do loop of henle and distal tubule play role in urinary acidification?
No
How and Why is Renin released?
released by juxtaglomular cells
stimulated by decreased renal perfusion, and increased sympathetic activity
How do Antenatal Steroids affect Kidney?
Antenatal corticosteroids improve Na handling and by increasing Na+,K+-ATPase and Na/H+ exchanger
How do Prostaglandins affect kidney?
mediator of renal vascular tone and renin secretion
inhibition of prostaglandin increases fetal vascular resistance and can decrease UOP
how do you treat Barter Syndrome
potassium supplementation, thiazide diuretics, indomethacin
how do you treat renal vein thrombosis?
supportive care if not extending to IVC
anticoagulation for 3 months if extends to IVC
How do you treat RTA?
HCO3 or citrate (usually more HCO3 required to treat proximal, because of constant HCO3 wasting compared to distal RTA)
How does renal vein thrombosis present?
flank mass, hematuria, thrombocytopenia
Is effect of catecholamines (noriepi) more or less pronounced in fetuses or newborns?
less pronunced
Is MDKD or PCKD associated with Vacterl?
multicystic dysplastic kidney disease