Renal embryo, A&P: random memorization

Question 1

What is the cause of multicystic dysplastic kidney?

Answer 1

Abnormal interaction btwn ureteric bud and metanephtic mesenchyma

Question 2

Name 3 major causes of Potter sequence

Answer 2

ARPKD
Posterior urethral calves
Bilateral renal agenesis

Question 3

MC site of obstruction–>hydronephrosis in fetus?

Answer 3

UPJ

Question 4

During entry to the true pelvis, how do ureters pass in relation to internal iliacs and gonadal vessels?

Answer 4

Ureters pass:
lateral to internal iliacs
medial to gonadal vessels

Question 5

Why is the left kidney taken during living donor transplants?

Answer 5

It has a longer renal vein

Question 6

Where does the prox 1/3 of the ureter get its blood supply?

Answer 6

Renal artery

Question 7

Radiolabeled albumin measures what fluid compartment?

Answer 7

Plasma volume

Question 8

Inulin measures what fluid compartment?

Answer 8

ECF

Question 9

Does creatinine CL slightly over or underestimate GFR?

Answer 9

Overestimates

Question 10

Does ERPF (measured by PAH CL) slightly over or underestimate RPF?

Answer 10

Underestimates (by ~10%)

Question 11

What’s the primary size barrier of the glomerulus?

Answer 11

Fenestrations in capillary endothelium

Question 12

What’s the primary charge barrier of the glomerulus? Be specific!

Answer 12

Heparan sulfate (negative) on fused basement membrane

Question 13

Which portion of the nephron reabsorbs amino acids, and what type of transporter is used?

Answer 13

PT; Na-dependent

Question 14

How do you treat Hartnup dz?

Answer 14

Niacin + high protein diet

Question 15

How does normal pregnancy cause glucosuria and amino aciduria?

Answer 15

Causes decreased resorption of glc and aa’s in the PT

Question 16

What’s the only autosomal dominant renal tubular defect?

Answer 16

Liddle syndrome