Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacy Lab > Renal drugs > Flashcards

Renal drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Acetazolamide (Diamox)

A

Proximal Tubule: Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Furosemide (Laxis)

A

Loop diuretic “high ceiling” (Loop of hence-thick ascending limb)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Bumeanide (Bumex)

A

Loop diuretic “high ceiling” (Loop of hence-thick ascending limb)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Ethacrynic Acid (Edacrin)

A

Loop diuretic “high ceiling” (Loop of hence-thick ascending limb)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Acetazolamid (Diamox)

Actions:

A
  • decrease NaHCO3 reabsorption
  • decrease H2O reabsorption
  • metabolic acidosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Acetazolamid (Diamox)

Clinical uses:

A
  • acute mountain sickness
  • metabolic alkalosis
  • glaucoma
  • urinary alkalizations
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Acetazolamid (Diamox)

Toxicities:

A
  • hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis
  • renal stones
  • renal potassium wasting
  • drowsiness/paresthesia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Acetazolamid (Diamox)

Contraindications:

A
  • hepatic cirrhosis

- sulfa allergies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Loop Diuretics Actions:

A
  • inhibit the Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter in the thick ascending limb
  • reduce NaCl, K+ and divalent cations (Ca2+ and Mg2+) reabsorption
  • increase renal blood flow
  • rapid response after I.V. administration
  • duration of action dependent upon renal function
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Loop Diuretics Clinical Uses:

A
  • edematous conditions
  • acute pulmonary edema
  • acute hypercalcemia
  • hyperkalemia
  • acute renal failure
  • anion overdose
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Loop Diuretics toxicities

A
  • dehydration
  • hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis
  • ototoxicity
  • hyperuricemia
  • hypomagnesemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Loop diuretics contraindications:

A

sulfa allergy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Thiazides act

A

distal convoluted tubule: Na+ Cl- symport inhibitors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

chlorthalidone (Hygroton)

A

thiazide like

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

indapamide (Lozol)

A

thiazide like

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

metolazone (Diulo, Zaroxolyn)

A

thiazide like

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

thiazide actions:

A
  • inhibit the NaCl
  • reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule
  • enhance Ca2+ reabsorption
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

thiazide clinical uses:

A
  • hypertension
  • congestive heart failure
  • nephrolithiasis due to idiopathic hypercalciuria
  • nephrogenic diabetes inspidus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

thiazide toxicities:

A
  • hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis and hyperuricemia
  • impaired carbohydrate
  • hyperlipidemia
  • hyponatremia
20
Q

thiazide contraindications:

A

sulfa allergies

21
Q

Amiloride (Midamor) act

A

diuretics that act in the collecting tubule: Na+ channel inhibitors

22
Q

Amiloride (Midamor) actions:

A
  • inhibit the Na+ channels in the apical membrane of the collecting tubule
  • reduce Na+ entry into these cells also reduces K+ excertion (K+ sparing)
23
Q

Amiloride (Midamor) clinical uses:

A

-adjunctive treatment with thiazide or loop diuretic in CHF or hypertension

24
Q

Amiloride (Midamor) toxicities:

A
  • hyperkalemia

- hperchloremic metabolic acidosis

25
Q

Amiloride (Midamor) contraindications:

A
  • K+ supplements

- ACE inhibitors (cause retention of K+)

26
Q

Triamterene (Dyrenium) actions:

A
  • inhibit the Na+ channels in the apical membrane of the collecting tubule
  • reduce Na+ entry into these cells also reduces K+ excretion (K+sparing)
27
Q

Triamterene (Dyrenium) clinical uses:

A

-edema associated with CHF, nematic cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome, or hyperaldosteronism

28
Q

Triamterene (Dyrenium) toxicities:

A
  • hyperkalemia

- hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis

29
Q

Triamterene (Dyrenium) contraindications:

A
  • kidney stones

- K+ supplements, ACE inhibitors

30
Q

Spironlactone (Aldactone) actions:

A
  • block actions of aldosteron

- inhibition of 5alpha-reductace

31
Q

Spironlactone (Aldactone) clinical uses:

A
  • hypertension or CHF w/other diuretics
  • mineralcorticoid excess
  • aldosteronism (primary or secondary resulting from CHF, hepatic cirrhosis or nephrotic syndrome)
32
Q

Spironlactone (Aldactone) toxicities:

A
  • hyperkalemia
  • hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis
  • gynecomastia
  • impotence
  • BPH
33
Q

Spironlactone (Aldactone) contraindications:

A
  • supplements, ACE inhibitors

- chronic renal insufficiency

34
Q

Eplerenone (Inspra) actions:

A

-selective antagonisms of mineralcorticoid receptor in kidnye, heart, blood vessels, and brain

35
Q

Eplerenone (Inspra) clinical uses:

A
  • hypertension, alone or in combination

- full therapeutic effect should be observed within 4 weeks

36
Q

Eplerenone (Inspra) toxicities and adverse reactions:

A
  • hyperkalemia

- hypertriglyceridemia

37
Q

Eplerenone (Inspra) contraindications:

A
  • K+ supplements, K+ sparing diuretics, ACE inhibitors
  • chronic renal insufficiency
  • diabetes associated with microalbuminuria
  • CYP450 3A4 inhibitors (e.g. ketoconazole)
38
Q

Manitol actions:

A
  • excreted, but not reabsorbed from the lumenal fluid (urine)
  • creates osmotic resistance that limits water reabsorption in the proximal tubule and descending limb of the loop of hence
  • natriuresis<diuresis
39
Q

Manitol indications:

A
  • to increase urine volume

- reduction of intracranial or intraocular pressure

40
Q

Manitol toxicity:

A
  • extracellular volume expansion

- dehydration and hypernatremia

41
Q

Demeclocycline (Declomycin) actions:

A
  • tetracycline derivative
  • inhibit the effects of ADH at the collecting tubule
  • reduce water reabsorption
  • lithium salts have a similar effect
42
Q

Demeclocycline (Declomycin) indications:

A
  • syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretions (SIADH)

- elevated ADH

43
Q

Demeclocycline (Declomycin) toxicity:

A
  • nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

- renal failure

44
Q

CA inhibitor structure: Cl-, Br-, CF3-, or NO2-

A

maximal diuretic activity (upper left or ring structure)

45
Q

substitution with amine (-NH2) structure activity

A

increases natriuretic activity, but decrease CA inhibitor activity (upper right of ring structure)

46
Q

H2NO2S structure activity (lower left)

A

unsubstituted sulfamoyl moiety required for activity

47
Q

SO2NH2 structure activity (lower right)

A

can be replaced with electrophilic group (carboxyl, carbamoyl, etc.) increases diuretic activity and decreases CA inhibitory activity

Pharmacy Lab (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions