Renal Disease In Children

Question 1

When are males more at risk if UTIs than females?

Answer 1

<3 months old

Question 2

What is the differentiation between upper and lower UTIs?

Answer 2

Upper - bacteriuria with temp >38 and/or loin pain

Lower - bacteriuria with no systemic features

Question 3

How can you collect a urine sample in different age groups?

Answer 3

<1 - suprapubic aspirstion or catheter or pads
1-8. clean catch urine
8+ mid stream urine

Question 4

Below what age should any UTI be referred to a paediatrician?

Answer 4

3 months

Also do urgent urine micro and culture

Question 5

What are the most common organisisms cause UTI?

Answer 5

E.coli (60%)
Klebsiella (20%)
P. Mirabilis (15%)

Question 6

How does a MCUG (micturating cystourethrogram) work?

Answer 6

Dye into bladder, x-ray during micturition, can see reflux

Grading due to dilation of ureters and Renal calci

Question 7

What nephrotic syndrome?

Answer 7

Heavy proteinuria
Hypoalbuminaemia
Oedema

Most commonly - minimal change disease - responsed to steroids

Question 8

What is nephritic syndrome?

Answer 8

Haematuria
Oedema
Renal failure

Causes - post strep GN.

Question 9

What body systems does HSP (henoch schonlien purpura) effect?

Answer 9

Skin
Joints
GI
Kidneys

IgA mediated small vessel vasculitis

Question 10

What causes haemolytic uraemia syndrome?

Answer 10

E. coli 0157

Rx- dialyse and recover

Question 11

What’s the most common prsenting feature in wilms tumour?

Answer 11

Abdominal mass