Renal Developmental Pathology Flashcards
What is the incidence of GU tract maldevelopment? what does is commonly cause?
10%
common cause of ESRD
Fused kidneys are ALWAYS ________.
ectopic (abnormal place of position)
What are 3 characteristics of Horseshoe Kidney?
- Fusion of upper or lower poles of kidney
- Typically located at midline
- Lie anterior to great vessels (if above bifurcation for common iliac)
What can happen to Ureters with a Horseshoe kidney and what happens to the kidney as a result?
Ureters may become kinked (@ inferior pole) - may result in hydronephrosis
What can Horseshoe kidney be associated with?
may be associated with extrarenal malformations
may have normal kidney function
What genetic defect is Horseshoe kidney associated with?
trisomy 18
What happens in Unilateral Renal Agenesis?
Asymptomatic: compensatory hyperplasia of contralateral kidney, may undergo GLOMERULOSCLEROSIS
What happens in Bilateral Renal Agenesis? What birth defect is it associated with?
Incompatible with life
Associated with oligohydramnios (little amniotic fluid) + POTTER SEQUENCE
What are symptoms of the Potter Sequence
flattened nose, low-set ears, recessed chin, limb contractures, pulmonary hypoplasia
Describe Renal Hypoplasia
Reduced number and size of renal pyramids
Where is an Ectopic kidney usually located and is it associated with?
often located in pelvis associated w: urine outflow obstruction hydronephrosis pyelonephritis
What are the 3 categories of Cystic Renal Diseases? and what can it result in?
- Hereditary
- Developmental (sporadic)
- Acquired
can result in CKD
What are the 2 types of hereditary cystic renal diseases? What are the populations that they occur in?
- Autosomal Dominant PKD - Adult
2. Autosomal Recessive PKD-children
What kind of Cystic renal Disease is Developmental (Sporadic)?
Multicystic renal dysplasia
What are the 2 types of Acquired Cystic Renal Diseases
- Dialysis-associated
2. Simple (localized) cysts