Renal Control Of Acid Base Disturbances Flashcards

1
Q

What are the volatile sources (CO2 derived) of metabolic acids?

A

Glucose + O2 —> H+ and HCO3-
Fat + O2 —> H+ and HCO3-
Eliminated via the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the non-volatile (fixed) metabolic acid sources?

A

Glucose —> H+ and lactate (anaerobic)
Cysteine + O2 —> H+ and sulfate
Phosphoprotein + O2 —> H+ and phosphate
Eliminated via the kidneys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the body’s buffer systems?

A

Bicarbonate, Hb, phosphate, and plasma proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

If acidemia is present what will the ICF take in?

A

H+ which will be buffered by raising ECF [K+]

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

If alkalemia is present the ICF will donate what?

A

H+ which will be buffers by lowering ECF [K+]

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the Henderson-Hasselbach equation?

A

ph = 6.1 + log([HCO3]/[H2CO3])

H2CO3 can be determined by 0.03xPCO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe the renal reabsorption of bicarbonate

A

Mostly reabsorbed in the PT
1 mEq/L excreted per day
Very minuscule clearance value (bc most of it is reabsorbed)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How is “new” bicarbonate generated?

A

During the process of urinary acidification when secreted H+ is buffered by NH3 —> NH4, phosphate, etc, for excretion while bicarbonate is reabsorbed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is net acid excretion (NAE)?

A

(UNH4 x V) + (UTA x V) - (UHCO3 x V)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What must NAE equal each day in order to maintain acid base balance?

A

Must equal nonvolatile acid production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are titratable acids (TA)?

A

Salts of primarily phosphate but other constituents of urine such as creatinine do contribute
Accounts for 1/3 of NAE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is responsible for 2/3 NAE?

A

Ammonium (NH4) synthesis and secretion

Body can easily make as much as it needs unlike with TA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly