Renal CIS Flashcards
What is the most accurate place to check for skin tenting?
Forehead
How do we define acute phase proteins?
Proteins whose serum concentrations increase or decrease by 25% because of inflammation
What is reactive thrombocytosis and what are three examples that can cause it?
Increase in platelet count secondary to another condition. Bacterial infection, surgery or trauma.
What are the two criteria for KDIGO?
- Increase in serum creatinine greater than .3 mg/dL within 48 hours or increased by 50% within 7 days
- Urine output decrease less than .5 ml/kg/hr for greater than 6 hours
2 causes of prerenal AKI? 2 causes of intrinsic AKI? What to think with postrenal AKI cause?
Hypotension, dehydration
Anatomical abnormality, toxins like medications
Obstruction like stone of BPH
2 symptoms with hyperkalemia we need to know and what will the EKG show?
Muscle weakness and ventricular arrhythmias. Tall T waves.
What do we give for early management of hyperkalemia?
Calcium gluconate.
Insulin and glucose
In severe conditions, and in patients with renal impairment, how do we remove the excess potassium from the body?
Diuretics and hemodialysis
Two principles to follow with catheters so we avoid UTIs?
Only use for indicated purposes and get them out as soon as possible.
Two situations that do not indicate catheter?
Nursing home residents/patients who have incontinence
People who can void
What are your 4 differentials for a renal mass?
RCC, Benign Renal Tumors, Metastatic disease, Xantho pyelonephritis
3 differentials for an atrophic kidney with the baby in utero?
Reflux, UP obstruction, PUV obstruction
1 differential for atrophic kidney in the first year of life?
Persistent vomiting, failure to thrive
1 differential for atrophic kidney after first year of life?
Chronic/frequent pyelonephritis
4 indications for dialysis?
- Volume overload not responding to diuretics
- Hyperkalemia over 6.5
- Metabolic acidosis less than 7.1 ph
- Uremia
