Nutrition

Question 1

3 structural causes of oropharyngeal dysphagia?

Answer 1

Zenkers, web, neoplasm

Question 2

3 neurogenic/propulsive causes of oropharyngeal dysphagia?

Answer 2

ALS, Parkinson’s, and CVA

Question 3

2 cause of propulsive esophageal dysphagia?

Answer 3

GERD and achalasia

Question 4

4 causes of structural esophageal dysphagia?

Answer 4

S ring, neoplasms, peptic stricture, and eosinophilic esophagitis

Question 5

2 causes of structural esophageal dysphagia that is painful?

Answer 5

Infectious and pill esophagitis

Question 6

What are the 5 things you need to evaluate at bedside before you start to give them things to swallow?

Answer 6

Cognitive, posture, respiratory, speech, and cranial nerve exam.

Question 7

After making sure they are good to go, how do you test to see what they can start off with to swallow?

Answer 7

Have the drink a few sips of water then talk. If good, have them eat some crackers and talk.

Question 8

What are the 4 main muscles of mastication?

Answer 8

Temporalis, medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid, masseter.

Question 9

What cranial nerve and division of that CN is innervating the muscles of mastication?

Answer 9

Trigeminal. V3.

Question 10

What is the purpose of a modified barium swallow and what two professional do it? What can you figure out after the test for the patient in the hospital?

Answer 10

To determine the cause and severity of tracheal aspiration. Radiologist and speech pathologist. Their diet.

Question 11

What are the 3 types of dysphagia diets?

Answer 11

Puréed, mechanically altered, and dysphagia advanced.

Question 12

What are the 7 disease appropriate diets in the hospital?

Answer 12

Clear liquid, full liquid, regular, low residue, low sodium, no added salt, cardiac.