Renal cancer Flashcards
Common types of renal cell carcinoma
- Clear cell renal cancer (most common type) - cause range of parneoplastic manifestations
- Papilary renal cancer type 1 and 2.
What imaging used for staging in renal cancer
Contrast-enchanced CT chest, abdo, pelvis
Symptoms - triad
- Flank pain
- Haematuria
- Palpable abdominal mass.
Other clinical signs
Scrotal varicocele
Lower limb oedema
Cervical lymphadenopathy
Risk factors
Cig smoking
Obesity
HTN
Haemodialysis
Gennetic manifestation of clear and papillary rcc
Von Hippel linadu syndrome - VHL3 - clear cell rcc
Heditary papillary - c MET - type 1 pap rcc
Familal leimymatosis - Fumarate hydratase 1 - type2 pap rcc
Management of rcc
stage 1 - partial nephrectomy
Stage2 - radical nephrectomy
stage 3 - !! - and lymph node diseection + immunotherapy before surgery
Metastic -> systemic therapy inv immunotherapy.
immediate complications
Tumour embolus, Pneumothorax, injury t surrounding organs
Early complications
DVT/PE/MI
Chest infections
Post Op bleed
Wound infection
Blood investigations
FBC,LFT,LDH,Ca,CRP, U&Es
What are the indications that patient has Stage IV RCC
Symptomatic patients + symptom of spread (e.g dry cough- lungs)
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors + immunotherapy
If high sus of bladder cancer, does cystocopy but came normal. What ix next to do?
Renal tract ultrasound.
Required under 2WW refferal.
Sus of renal tract cancer
