Renal

Question 1

what is a dysproteinaemias?

Answer 1

Overproduction of immunoglobulin by clonal expansion of cells from B cell lineage

Question 2

What is a myeloma?

Answer 2

Cancer of the plasma cells.

Question 3

Presentation of myeloma?

Answer 3

Bone pain, weakness, fatigue, weight loss, recurrent infections.
BACK PAIN AND RENAL FAILURE

Question 4

1st investigation for myeloma?

Answer 4

Protein electrophoresis and BJP

Question 5

What is amyloidosis?

Answer 5

Deposition of extracellular amyloid in tissues organs

Question 6

Pathogenesis of amyloidosis?

Answer 6

Abnormal folding of proteins which then aggregate and become insoluble. Breakdown of usual degredation pathways for abnormally folded proteins

Question 7

What are the 2 most common forms of amyloidosis?

Answer 7

Primary/Light chain

Secondary/Systemic/Inflammatory

Question 8

What is light chain amyloidosis?

Answer 8

Production of abnormal immunoglobulin light chains from plasma cells. Light chains enter the blood stream and cause amyloid deposits

Question 9

Where does inflammatory amyloidosis usually affect?

Answer 9

Liver, spleen, kidneys and adrenals

Question 10

What is vasculitis?

Answer 10

Inflamed blood vessels