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Revision Week > passmed everything > Flashcards

passmed everything Flashcards

1
Q

What condition is suggested when schistocytes are found in the blood?

A

Intravascuar haemolysis

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2
Q

What condition presents with

  • headache with unilateral eye pain
  • reduced vision and visual halo
  • red congested eye with cloudy cornea
  • dilated, unresponsive pupil
  • precipitated by darkness or dilating drops?
A

Acute closed angle glaucoma

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3
Q

what condition presents with sudden painless loss of vision?

A

Central retinal vein occlusion

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4
Q

what condition presents with a thunderclap headache?

A

subarachnoid haemorrhage

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5
Q

What is the main function of the terminal ileum?

A

Absorption of vitamin B12 and bile salts

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6
Q

What do ‘linear burrows’ on the skin suggest?

A

Scabies

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7
Q

What is the treatment for scabies?

A

Permethrin

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8
Q

A ‘down and out’ eye may indicate a lesion involving which cranial nerve?

A

CN III

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9
Q

What does a cranial nerve lesion on CN III present with?

A

Dilated, fixed pupil
Down and out eye
Ptosis

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10
Q

What does a cranial nerve lesion on CN VI present with?

A

defective eye abduction and horizontal diplopia

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11
Q

What does a cranial nerve palsy on CN IV present with?

A

Defective downward gaze

Vertical diplopia

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12
Q

What nerve is the afferent limb of the pupillary light reflex?

A

CN II

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13
Q

What nerve is the efferent limb of the pupillary light reflex?

A

CN III

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14
Q

How does a middle cerebral artery stroke present?

A

Contralateral hemiparesis
Sensory loss with upper extremity more affected than lower
Contralateral homonymous hemianopia

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15
Q

How does an anterior cerebral artery present?

A

Contralateral hemiparesis

Sensory loss with lower extremity affected more

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16
Q

Disease of which lobe may cause auditory agnosia?

A

Temporal lobe

17
Q

Disease of which lobe may call asterognosis?

A

Parietal lobe

18
Q

Function of astrocytes?

A

Involved in physical repair
Help form blood brain barrier
Remove excess K+ ions
Provide physical support

19
Q

Function of microglia?

A

Specialised CNS phagocytes

20
Q

Conduction aphasia?

A

Speak fluently but difficulty repeating phrases.

Aware of mistakes and comprehension is normal

21
Q

Wernicke’s aphasia is associated with which lobe?

A

Temporal

22
Q

Femoral root nerves?

A

L2,L3,L4

23
Q

What does the femoral nerve innervate?

A

Pectineus, sartorious, quadriceps femoris, , vastus lateralis/medialis/intermedius

24
Q

What are the branches of femoral nerve?

A

Medial cutaneous nerve of thigh, saphenous nerve, intermediate cutaneous nerve of thigh

25
Q

What are the roots of common reflexes?

A

S1-S2 buckle my shoe (ankle)
L3-L4 kick the door (knee)
C5-C6 pick up sticks (biceps)
C7-C8 shut the gate (triceps)

26
Q

What is the opening for the inferior vena cava in the diaphragm?

A

T8

27
Q

What is the opening for the oesophagus?

A

T10

28
Q

What is the aortic opening?

A

T12

29
Q

What nerve is affected if there is difficulty extending at the elbow and wrist?

A

Radial

30
Q

What type of seizures are associated with olfactory hallucinations?

A

Temporal lobe seizures

31
Q

What type of seizure would cause infrequent generalised seizures and daytime absences?

A

Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

32
Q

What type of symptoms causes paraesthesia?

A

Parietal lobe seizures

33
Q

What type of seizures cause posturing and head/leg movements?

A

Frontal lobe seizure

34
Q

What type of seizure causes flashes/floaters?

A

Occipital lobe seizure

35
Q

What gene is affected in sporadic Alzheimer’s (no family history)?

A

APOE

36
Q

What bacterium are most responsible for GBS?

A

Campylobacter jejuni and cytomegalovirus

Revision Week (13 decks)

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